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      Mating behavior of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) under exposure to neem: Comportamiento de apareamiento del depredador Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) expuesto al neem

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          Abstract

          The preservation of natural enemies is one of the basic foundations for integrated pest management. Botanical insecticides have shown low impact on beneficial arthropods in relation to survival. Insecticides studies usually focus on the direct physiological effects of insecticides, whereas relatively little attention is placed on the behavioral response to exposure. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the botanical insecticide neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.; Meliaceae) on the mating behavior of the predatory stinkbug Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Unmated 5 to 7 d-old adults, separate by sex, were exposed to azadirachtin per contact on the treated surface. The treatments were composed for: untreated male and female; untreated male and treated female; treated male and untreated female; and treated male and female. Azadirachtin affected the duration of first mating (Wilcoxon test, χ2 = 13.38, df = 3, p = 0.004), which resulted in a higher effective average time of mating (EATM50) for treatment whose only female was treated with azadirachtin. This finding points to a sublethal effect of azadirachtin on mating behavior of P. nigrispinus that may compromise its reproduction.

          Translated abstract

          La preservación de los enemigos naturales es la base fundamental para el manejo integrado de las plagas. Los insecticidas botánicos han demostrado un bajo impacto sobre los artrópodos benéficos en relación a la supervivencia. Se desarrolló un estudio para evaluar el efecto del insecticida botánico neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.; Meliaceae) sobre el comportamiento de apareamiento del chinche depredador Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Se expusieron adultos vírgenes de 5-7 días de edad, separados por sexo, a residuos secos de este extracto. Machos y hembras vírgenes entre 5 y 7 d de edad fueron expuestos a la azadiractina, por contacto directo con superficies tratadas. Los tratamientos fueron: machos y hembras no tratados; macho tratado y hembra no tratada; macho no tratado y hembra tratada y macho y hembras tratadas. Los resultados demostraron que la azadiractina afectó la duración de la primera cópula (test de Wilcoxon, χ² = 13.38, df = 3, p = 0.004) lo que se traduce en un alto tiempo medio efectivo de cópula (EATM50) en el tratamiento en que sólo la hembra fue tratada con azadiractina. Esta constatación apunta a un efecto subletal de la azadiractina sobre el comportamiento de apareamiento de P. nigrispinus que probablemente compromete su reproducción.

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          Most cited references38

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          Some Characteristics of Simple Types of Predation and Parasitism

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            Botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world.

            Botanical insecticides have long been touted as attractive alternatives to synthetic chemical insecticides for pest management because botanicals reputedly pose little threat to the environment or to human health. The body of scientific literature documenting bioactivity of plant derivatives to arthropod pests continues to expand, yet only a handful of botanicals are currently used in agriculture in the industrialized world, and there are few prospects for commercial development of new botanical products. Pyrethrum and neem are well established commercially, pesticides based on plant essential oils have recently entered the marketplace, and the use of rotenone appears to be waning. A number of plant substances have been considered for use as insect antifeedants or repellents, but apart from some natural mosquito repellents, little commercial success has ensued for plant substances that modify arthropod behavior. Several factors appear to limit the success of botanicals, most notably regulatory barriers and the availability of competing products (newer synthetics, fermentation products, microbials) that are cost-effective and relatively safe compared with their predecessors. In the context of agricultural pest management, botanical insecticides are best suited for use in organic food production in industrialized countries but can play a much greater role in the production and postharvest protection of food in developing countries.
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              Ejaculate Cost and Male Choice

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                chiljar
                Chilean journal of agricultural research
                Chil. j. agric. res.
                Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA (Chillán, , Chile )
                0718-5839
                December 2012
                : 72
                : 4
                : 523-527
                Affiliations
                [01] Viçosa Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Viçosa orgdiv1Apartamento de Entomologia Brasil
                Article
                S0718-58392012000400010 S0718-5839(12)07200400010
                10.4067/S0718-58392012000400010
                d5602a56-7aba-41b7-bea2-0c2c998e8a46

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 February 2012
                : 24 October 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                RESEARCH ARTICLES

                enemigo natural,Azadirachtin,Azadirachta indica,biological insecticide,natural enemy,azadiractina,insecticida biológico

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