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      Traumatic brain injury: oxidative stress and neuroprotection.

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          Abstract

          A vast amount of circumstantial evidence implicates high energy oxidants and oxidative stress as mediators of secondary damage associated with traumatic brain injury. The excessive production of reactive oxygen species due to excitotoxicity and exhaustion of the endogenous antioxidant system induces peroxidation of cellular and vascular structures, protein oxidation, cleavage of DNA, and inhibition of the mitochondrial electron transport chain.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Antioxid Redox Signal
          Antioxidants & redox signaling
          Mary Ann Liebert Inc
          1557-7716
          1523-0864
          Sep 10 2013
          : 19
          : 8
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
          Article
          10.1089/ars.2012.4981
          23547621
          d5751da9-db6f-47d4-9750-d5db0a535ea8
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