4
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares

      Publish your biodiversity research with us!

      Submit your article here.

      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Derived karyotypes in two elephantfish genera ( Hyperopisus and Pollimyrus): lowest chromosome number in the family Mormyridae (Osteoglossiformes)

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The African weakly electric elephantfish family Mormyridae comprises 22 genera and almost 230 species. Up-to-date cytogenetic information was available for 17 species representing 14 genera. Here we report chromosome number and morphology in Hyperopisus bebe (Lacepède, 1803) and Pollimyrus isidori (Valenciennes, 1847) collected from the White Nile system in southwestern Ethiopia. Both taxa displayed the diploid chromosome number 2n = 40, but they differed in fundamental numbers: FN = 66 in H. bebe and FN = 72 in P. isidori ; previously the same diploid chromosome number 2n = 40 was reported in an undescribed species of Pollimyrus Taverne, 1971 (FN = 42) from the same region. Our results demonstrate that not only pericentric inversions, but fusions also played a substantial role in the evolution of the mormyrid karyotype structure. If the hypothesis that the karyotype structure with 2n = 50–52 and prevalence of the uni-armed chromosomes close to the ancestral condition for the family Mormyridae is correct, the most derived karyotype structures are found in the Mormyrus Linnaeus, 1758 species with 2n = 50 and the highest number of bi-armed elements in their compliments compared to all other mormyrids and in Pollimyrus isidori with the highest number of bi-armed elements among the mormyrids with 2n = 40.

          Related collections

          Most cited references23

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Book: not found

          Fishes of the World

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            NOMENCLATURE FOR CENTROMERIC POSITION ON CHROMOSOMES

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: found
              Is Open Access

              Chromosome evolution at the origin of the ancestral vertebrate genome

              Background It has been proposed that more than 450 million years ago, two successive whole genome duplications took place in a marine chordate lineage before leading to the common ancestor of vertebrates. A precise reconstruction of these founding events would provide a framework to better understand the impact of these early whole genome duplications on extant vertebrates. Results We reconstruct the evolution of chromosomes at the beginning of vertebrate evolution. We first compare 61 extant animal genomes to reconstruct the highly contiguous order of genes in a 326-million-year-old ancestral Amniota genome. In this genome, we establish a well-supported list of duplicated genes originating from the two whole genome duplications to identify tetrads of duplicated chromosomes. From this, we reconstruct a chronology in which a pre-vertebrate genome composed of 17 chromosomes duplicated to 34 chromosomes and was subject to seven chromosome fusions before duplicating again into 54 chromosomes. After the separation of the lineage of Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) from Cyclostomata (extant jawless fish), four more fusions took place to form the ancestral Euteleostomi (bony vertebrates) genome of 50 chromosomes. Conclusions These results firmly establish the occurrence of two whole genome duplications in the lineage that precedes the ancestor of vertebrates, resolving in particular the ambiguity raised by the analysis of the lamprey genome. This work provides a foundation for studying the evolution of vertebrate chromosomes from the standpoint of a common ancestor and particularly the pattern of duplicate gene retention and loss that resulted in the gene composition of extant vertebrate genomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13059-018-1559-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Comp Cytogenet
                Comp Cytogenet
                8
                urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:A71ED5FC-60ED-5DA3-AC8E-F6D2BB5B3573
                urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C8FA3ADA-5585-4F26-9215-A520EE683979
                Comparative Cytogenetics
                Pensoft Publishers
                1993-0771
                1993-078X
                2021
                08 October 2021
                : 15
                : 4
                : 345-354
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 33 Leninskij prosp., Moscow, 119071 Russia Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
                [2 ] National Fishery and Aquatic Life Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Sebeta, P.O. Box 64, Ethiopia Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Sebeta Ethiopia
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Sergey Simanovsky ( sergey.a.simanovsky@ 123456gmail.com )

                Academic editor: Patrícia Parise-Maltempi

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0830-7977
                Article
                67681
                10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i4.67681
                8520028
                d59e0b11-c69e-4388-83e0-c02c7fc53451
                Sergey Simanovsky, Dmitry Medvedev, Fekadu Tefera, Alexander Golubtsov

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 21 April 2021
                : 25 August 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: Russian Foundation for Basic Research 501100002261 http://doi.org/10.13039/501100002261
                Categories
                Research Article
                Mormyridae
                Karyosystematics
                Ethiopia

                africa,chromosomes,karyotype evolution,chromosome fusions,hyperopisus,pollimyrus

                Comments

                Comment on this article