Radiation-induced skin injury: pathogenesis, treatment, and management

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Abstract

Radiation-induced skin injury (RSI) refers to a frequently occurring complication of radiation therapy. Nearly 90% of patients having received radiation therapy underwent moderate-to-severe skin reactions, severely reducing patients' quality of life and adversely affecting their disease treatment. No gold standard has been formulated for RSIs. In the present study, the mechanism of RSI and topical medications was discussed. Besides, this study can be referenced for clinicians to treat RSIs to guide subsequent clinical medicine.

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Most cited references 105

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Mechanisms of fibrosis: therapeutic translation for fibrotic disease.

Thomas Wynn, Thirumalai Ramalingam (2012)

Fibrosis is a pathological feature of most chronic inflammatory diseases. Fibrosis, or scarring, is defined by the accumulation of excess extracellular matrix components. If highly progressive, the fibrotic process eventually leads to organ malfunction and death. Fibrosis affects nearly every tissue in the body. Here we discuss how key components of the innate and adaptive immune response contribute to the pathogenesis of fibrosis. We also describe how cell-intrinsic changes in important structural cells can perpetuate the fibrotic response by regulating the differentiation, recruitment, proliferation and activation of extracellular matrix-producing myofibroblasts. Finally, we highlight some of the key mechanisms and pathways of fibrosis that are being targeted as potential therapies for a variety of important human diseases.

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ALOE VERA: A SHORT REVIEW

Amar Surjushe, Resham Vasani, D G Saple (2008)

Aloe vera is a natural product that is now a day frequently used in the field of cosmetology. Though there are various indications for its use, controlled trials are needed to determine its real efficacy. The aloe vera plant, its properties, mechanism of action and clinical uses are briefly reviewed in this article.

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Fibroblast differentiation in wound healing and fibrosis.

Tim D. Hewitson, Anita Darby (2006)

The contraction of granulation tissue from skin wounds was first described in the 1960s. Later it was discovered that during tissue repair, fibroblasts undergo a change in phenotype from their normal relatively quiescent state in which they are involved in slow turnover of the extracellular matrix, to a proliferative and contractile phenotype termed myofibroblasts. These cells show some of the phenotypic characteristics of smooth muscle cells and have been shown to contract in vitro. In the 1990s, a number of researchers in different fields showed that myofibroblasts are present during tissue repair or response to injury in a variety of other tissues, including the liver, kidney, and lung. During normal repair processes, the myofibroblastic cells are lost as repair resolves to form a scar. This cell loss is via apoptosis. In pathological fibroses, myofibroblasts persist in the tissue and are responsible for fibrosis via increased matrix synthesis and for contraction of the tissue. In many cases this expansion of the extracellular matrix impedes normal function of the organ. For this reason much interest has centered on the derivation of myofibroblasts and the factors that influence their differentiation, proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and survival. Further understanding of how fibroblast differentiation and myofibroblast phenotype is controlled may provide valuable insights into future therapies that can control fibrosis and scarring.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Aging (Albany NY)

Journal ID (publisher-id): Aging

Title: Aging (Albany NY)

Publisher: Impact Journals

ISSN (Electronic): 1945-4589

Publication date Collection: 30 November 2020

Publication date (Electronic): 16 November 2020

Volume: 12

Issue: 22

Pages: 23379-23393

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China

[2 ]Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China

[3 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China

[4 ]Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

[5 ]Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Author notes

[*]

Equal contribution

Correspondence to: Jie Fu; email: fujie74@sjtu.edu.cn

Article

Publisher ID: 103932 Publisher ID: 103932

DOI: 10.18632/aging.103932

PMC ID: 7746368

PubMed ID: 33202382

SO-VID: d631d590-362d-4fe9-9735-6f5b3bdc94dc

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Radiation-induced skin injury: pathogenesis, treatment, and management

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Most cited references 105

Mechanisms of fibrosis: therapeutic translation for fibrotic disease.

ALOE VERA: A SHORT REVIEW

Fibroblast differentiation in wound healing and fibrosis.

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