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      Flux flow of Abrikosov-Josephson vortices along grain boundaries in high-temperature superconductors

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          Abstract

          We show that low-angle grain boundaries (GB) in high-temperature superconductors exhibit intermediate Abrikosov vortices with Josephson cores, whose length \(l\) along GB is smaller that the London penetration depth, but larger than the coherence length. We found an exact solution for a periodic vortex structure moving along GB in a magnetic field \(H\) and calculated the flux flow resistivity \(R_F(H)\), and the nonlinear voltage-current characteristics. The predicted \(R_F(H)\) dependence describes well our experimental data on \(7^{\circ}\) unirradiated and irradiated \(YBa_2Cu_3O_7\) bicrystals, from which the core size \(l(T)\), and the intrinsic depairing density \(J_b(T)\) on nanoscales of few GB dislocations were measured for the first time. The observed temperature dependence of \(J_b(T)=J_{b0}(1-T/T_c)^2\) indicates a significant order parameter suppression in current channels between GB dislocation cores.

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          High-Tc superconducting materials for electric power applications.

          Large-scale superconducting electric devices for power industry depend critically on wires with high critical current densities at temperatures where cryogenic losses are tolerable. This restricts choice to two high-temperature cuprate superconductors, (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox and YBa2Cu3Ox, and possibly to MgB2, recently discovered to superconduct at 39 K. Crystal structure and material anisotropy place fundamental restrictions on their properties, especially in polycrystalline form. So far, power applications have followed a largely empirical, twin-track approach of conductor development and construction of prototype devices. The feasibility of superconducting power cables, magnetic energy-storage devices, transformers, fault current limiters and motors, largely using (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox conductor, is proven. Widespread applications now depend significantly on cost-effective resolution of fundamental materials and fabrication issues, which control the production of low-cost, high-performance conductors of these remarkable compounds.
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            Hyperfine Populations Prior to Muon Capture

            It is shown that the 1S level hyperfine populations prior to muon capture will be statistical when either target or beam are unpolarised independent of the atomic level at which the hyperfine interaction becomes appreciable. This assertion holds in the absence of magnetic transitions during the cascade and is true because of minimal polarisation after atomic capture and selective feeding during the cascade.
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              Directional effects of heavy-ion irradiation in Tb/Fe multilayers

                Author and article information

                Journal
                15 January 2002
                Article
                10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.097001
                cond-mat/0201234
                d64ec648-4a4d-473d-b255-0043a253fb1b
                History
                Custom metadata
                5 pages 5 figures. Phys. Rev. Lett. (accepted)
                cond-mat.supr-con

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