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      Efficiency of Blotter test and agar culture medium to detect Fusarium graminearum and Pyricularia grisea in wheat seeds Translated title: Eficiência do método do papel de filtro e do meio de cultura agarizado na detecção de Fusarium graminearum e Pyricularia grisea em sementes de trigo

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          Abstract

          Abstract: Seeds can be considered one of the most efficient forms to disseminate pathogens. Therefore, the use of healthy seeds is extremely important to establish a crop, and seed health testing must be performed to determine the seed sanitary quality. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of seed health testing to detect Pyricularia grisea and Fusarium graminearum in three samples of wheat seeds. Methods evaluated were Blotter test with freezing (BTF) and potato-dextrose-agar culture medium (PDA). The incubation temperatures were 20 ºC and 25 ºC. From each sample, a subsample was submitted to seed asepsis using hypochlorite solution (1%) and another analyzed without seed asepsis. The temperatures evaluated did not influence the detection of the pathogens. P. grisea incidence ranged from 4.5 to 17% with BTF without seed asepsis. The BTF with seed asepsis and PDA (with and without seed asepsis) presented pathogen incidence no higher than 1.5%. Moreover, results suggested that most part of P. grisea inoculum was presented externally on seed tissues. PDA medium was more efficient to detect F. graminearum, independently of seed asepsis. By this method, pathogen incidence ranged from 3 to 39%. F. graminearum incidence using BTF with seed asepsis varied from 0.5 to 1.5% and BTF without seed asepsis presented a pathogen incidence of 5.0 to 12.5%. The Blotter test with freezing was more efficient to detect P. grisea while the PDA medium was more efficient to detect F. graminearum.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo: Sementes podem ser consideradas como uma das formas mais eficientes na disseminação de patógenos. Portanto, o uso de sementes sadias é de extrema importância para o estabelecimento de uma cultura e testes de sanidade devem ser realizados para determinar a sua qualidade sanitária. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a eficiência de métodos de sanidade na detecção de Pyricularia grisea e Fusarium graminearum em três amostras de sementes de trigo. Os métodos avaliados foram o papel de filtro com congelamento (PFC) e o meio de cultura batata-dextrose-ágar (BDA). As temperaturas de incubação foram 20 ºC e 25 ºC. De cada amostra, uma submostra foi submetida a assepsia de sementes usando solução de hipoclorito (1%) e outra analisada sem assepsia. As temperaturas analisadas não influenciaram na detecção dos patógenos. A incidência de P. grisea variou de 4,5 a 17% no método PFC sem assepsia das sementes. O PFC com assepsia e o BDA (com e sem assepsia) apresentou incidência do patógeno inferior a 1,5%. Além disso, os resultados sugeriram que a maior parte do inóculo de P. grisea estava presente externamente aos tecidos da semente. O meio BDA foi mais eficiente na detecção de F. graminearum, independentemente da assepsia das sementes. Por esse método, a incidência do patógeno variou de 3 a 39%. A incidência de F. graminearum pelo PFC com assepsia variou de 0,5 a 1,5% e o PFC sem assepsia apresentou incidência do patógeno de 5 a 12,5%. O papel de filtro com congelamento foi mais eficiente na detecção de P. grisea enquanto o meio BDA foi mais eficiente na detecção de F. graminearum.

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          Most cited references39

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          A Unified Effort to Fight an Enemy of Wheat and Barley: Fusarium Head Blight

          Wheat and barley are critical food and feed crops around the world. Wheat is grown on more land area worldwide than any other crop. In the United States, production of wheat and barley contributes to domestic food and feed use, and contributes to the export market and balance of trade. Fifteen years ago, Plant Disease published a feature article titled "Scab of wheat and barley: A re-emerging disease of devastating impact". That article described the series of severe Fusarium head blight (FHB) epidemics that occurred in the United States and Canada, primarily from 1991 through 1996, with emphasis on the unparalleled economic and sociological impacts caused by the 1993 FHB epidemic in spring grains in the Northern Great Plains region. Earlier publications had dealt with the scope and damage caused by this disease in the United States, Canada, Europe, and China. Reviews published after 1997 further described this disease and its impact on North American grain production in the 1990s. This article reviews the disease and documents the information on U.S. FHB epidemics since 1997. The primary goal of this article is to summarize a sustained, coordinated, and collaborative research program that was put in place shortly after the 1993 epidemic, a program intended to quickly lead to improved management strategies and outreach implementation. This program serves as a model to deal with other emerging plant disease threats.
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            Seed Pathology

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              Fusarium head blight of wheat: Pathogenesis and control strategies

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                jss
                Journal of Seed Science
                J. Seed Sci.
                ABRATES - Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes (Londrina, PR, Brazil )
                2317-1537
                2317-1545
                September 2017
                : 39
                : 3
                : 297-302
                Affiliations
                [1] Piracicaba orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1ESALQ orgdiv2Departamento de Fitopatologia Brazil
                Article
                S2317-15372017000300297
                10.1590/2317-1545v39n3168931
                d6737d5f-f48e-4867-913b-74fcdb840feb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 September 2017
                : 01 November 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                seed pathology,Triticum aestivum,detection methods,métodos de detecção,patologia de sementes

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