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      Objetos virtuais de aprendizagem: contribuições para o processo de aprendizagem em saúde e enfermagem Translated title: Objetos virtuales de aprendizaje: contribuciones para el proceso de aprendizaje en salud y enfermería Translated title: Virtual learning objects: contributions to the learning process in health and nursing

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Evidenciar as contribuições da aplicação de Objetos Virtuais de Aprendizagem (OVAs) para o processo de aprendizagem em saúde e enfermagem. MÉTODOS: Estudo de revisão sistemática realizada nas bases de dados PUBMED/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL e ISI Web of Knowledge. Foram analisados 13 estudos, publicados no idioma inglês no período de 2004 a 2008. RESULTADOS: Predominaram as pesquisas sobre OVAs desenvolvidas com enfoque em pacientes (50%), estudantes (38,4%) e profissionais de saúde (7,1%). Quanto aos níveis de evidência 30,8% dos estudos foram classificados como nível II e nível III-1, respectivamente e 30,4% de nível IV. CONCLUSÃO: Os OVAs contribuíram significativamente para o aumento do conhecimento e aprendizagem em pacientes, alunos e cuidadores, constituindo uma promissora perspectiva para educação em saúde e enfermagem.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: Evidenciar las contribuciones de la aplicación de Objetos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (OVAs) para el proceso de aprendizaje en salud y enfermería. MÉTODOS: Estudio de revisión sistemática realizada en las bases de datos PUBMED/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL e ISI Web of Knowledge. Fueron analizados 13 estudios, publicados en el idioma inglés en el período de 2004 a 2008. RESULTADOS: Predominaron las investigaciones sobre OVAs desarrolladas con enfoque en pacientes (50%), estudiantes (38,4%) y profesionales de salud (7,1%). En cuanto a los niveles de evidencia el 30,8% de los estudios fueron clasificados como nivel II y nivel III-1, respectivamente y el 30,4% como nivel IV. CONCLUSIÓN: Los OVAs contribuyeron significativamente en el aumento del conocimiento y aprendizaje en pacientes, alumnos y cuidadores, constituyendo una prometedora perspectiva para la educación en salud y en enfermería.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To highlight the contributions of the application of Virtual Learning Objects (OVAs) for the learning process in health and nursing. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted using the databases of PubMed / MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL and ISI Web of Knowledge. We analyzed 13 studies, published in the English language, for the period of 2004 to 2008. RESULTS: The predominate research about OVAs was developed with a focus on patients (50%), students (38.4%) and healthcare professionals (7.1%). With regard to the levels of evidence, 30.8% of the studies were classified as level II and level III-1, respectively, and 30.4% were level IV. CONCLUSION: The OVAs have contributed significantly to the increase in knowledge and learning in patients, students and caregivers, providing a promising perspective for education in health and nursing.

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          Perspectivas atuais da educação

          O conhecimento tem presença garantida em qualquer projeção que se faça do futuro. Por isso há um consenso de que o desenvolvimento de um país está condicionado à qualidade da sua educação. Nesse contexto, as perspectivas para a educação são otimistas. A pergunta que se faz é: qual educação, qual escola, qual aluno, qual professor? Este artigo busca compreender a educação no contexto da globalização e da era da informação, tira conseqüências desse processo e aponta o que poderá permanecer da "velha" educação, indicando algumas categorias fundantes da educação do futuro.
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            Learning in a Virtual World: Experience With Using Second Life for Medical Education

            Background Virtual worlds are rapidly becoming part of the educational technology landscape. Second Life (SL) is one of the best known of these environments. Although the potential of SL has been noted for health professions education, a search of the world’s literature and of the World Wide Web revealed a limited number of formal applications of SL for this purpose and minimal evaluation of educational outcomes. Similarly, the use of virtual worlds for continuing health professional development appears to be largely unreported. Methods We designed and delivered a pilot postgraduate medical education program in the virtual world, Second Life. Our objectives were to: (1) explore the potential of a virtual world for delivering continuing medical education (CME) designed for physicians; (2) determine possible instructional designs using SL for CME; (3) understand the limitations of SL for CME; (4) understand the barriers, solutions, and costs associated with using SL, including required training; and (5) measure participant learning outcomes and feedback. We trained and enrolled 14 primary care physicians in an hour-long, highly interactive event in SL on the topic of type 2 diabetes. Participants completed surveys to measure change in confidence and performance on test cases to assess learning. The post survey also assessed participants’ attitudes toward the virtual learning environment. Results Of the 14 participant physicians, 12 rated the course experience, 10 completed the pre and post confidence surveys, and 10 completed both the pre and post case studies. On a seven-point Likert scale (1, strongly disagree to 7, strongly agree), participants’ mean reported confidence increased from pre to post SL event with respect to: selecting insulin for patients with type 2 diabetes (pre = 4.9 to post = 6.5, P= .002); initiating insulin (pre = 5.0 to post = 6.2, P= .02); and adjusting insulin dosing (pre = 5.2 to post = 6.2, P= .02). On test cases, the percent of participants providing a correct insulin initiation plan increased from 60% (6 of 10) pre to 90% (9 of 10) post (P= .2), and the percent of participants providing correct initiation of mealtime insulin increased from 40% (4 of 10) pre to 80% (8 of 10) post (P= .09). All participants (12 of 12) agreed that this experience in SL was an effective method of medical education, that the virtual world approach to CME was superior to other methods of online CME, that they would enroll in another such event in SL, and that they would recommend that their colleagues participate in an SL CME course. Only 17% (2 of 12) disagreed with the statement that this potential Second Life method of CME is superior to face-to-face CME. Conclusions The results of this pilot suggest that virtual worlds offer the potential of a new medical education pedagogy to enhance learning outcomes beyond that provided by more traditional online or face-to-face postgraduate professional development activities. Obvious potential exists for application of these methods at the medical school and residency levels as well.
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              Implementation and evaluation of a low-literacy diabetes education computer multimedia application.

              To evaluate a clinic-based multimedia intervention for diabetes education targeting individuals with low health literacy levels in a diverse population. Five public clinics in Chicago, Illinois, participated in the study with computer kiosks installed in waiting room areas. Two hundred forty-four subjects with diabetes were randomized to receive either supplemental computer multimedia use (intervention) or standard of care only (control). The intervention includes audio/video sequences to communicate information, provide psychological support, and promote diabetes self-management skills without extensive text or complex navigation. HbA(1c) (A1C), BMI, blood pressure, diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, self-reported medical care, and perceived susceptibility of complications were evaluated at baseline and 1 year. Computer usage patterns and implementation barriers were also examined. Complete 1-year data were available for 183 subjects (75%). Overall, there were no significant differences in change in A1C, weight, blood pressure, knowledge, self-efficacy, or self-reported medical care between intervention and control groups. However, there was an increase in perceived susceptibility to diabetes complications in the intervention group. This effect was greatest among subjects with lower health literacy. Within the intervention group, time spent on the computer was greater for subjects with higher health literacy. Access to multimedia lessons resulted in an increase in perceived susceptibility to diabetes complications, particularly in subjects with lower health literacy. Despite measures to improve informational access for individuals with lower health literacy, there was relatively less use of the computer among these participants.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ape
                Acta Paulista de Enfermagem
                Acta paul. enferm.
                Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0103-2100
                1982-0194
                2011
                : 24
                : 5
                : 707-711
                Affiliations
                [01] Florianópolis SC orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brasil
                Article
                S0103-21002011000500018 S0103-2100(11)02400518
                d68b78c8-3a74-414a-b983-1cebb9900478

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 April 2010
                : 08 August 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 5
                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Enfermagem,Computer simulation,Educational technology,Nursing informatics,Learning,Nursing,Simulación por computador,Tecnología educacional,Informática aplicada a la enfermería,Aprendizaje,Enfermería,Simulação por computador,Tecnologia educacional,Informática em enfermagem,Aprendizagem

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