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      Tolerance of benthic macroinvertebrates to organic enrichment in highland streams of northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Translated title: Tolerância de macroinvertebrados bentônicos ao enriquecimento orgânico em rios de montanha da Região Nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

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          Abstract

          AIM: the aim of this study was to determine the ecological valence of benthic macroinvertebrates at different pollution levels in highland rivers and streams of Rio Grande do Sul; METHODS: the dataset proceeds from samplings performed between 2002-2011 in 35 lotic ecosystems. The Chemical Index was used to determine pollution levels. Indices of richness and Shannon diversity were applied to characterize the structure of benthic communities. The descriptors used to determine taxa&#x27s ecological valence were selected according to Coefficient of Variation and regression analyses. Groups of tolerance were identified using Interquartile range and cluster analysis; RESULTS: Conductivity and Chemical Index were the descriptors best related with diversity of benthic macroinvertebrate community. These metrics were used to determine the tolerance range of 38 taxa. Interquartile range and cluster analysis revealed three groups of taxa, according to their occurrence in different levels of pollution: taxa with narrow amplitudes, present at sites with very low or very high load of organic enrichment; taxa with moderate amplitude, found until moderately polluted sites; and taxa with occurrence in widespread environmental conditions. The results, when compared to other studies in Brazil, showed differences in some taxa&#x27s tolerance. This observation indicates the need to assess the bioindication potential of these taxa in genus and species level; CONCLUSION: the present study contributes to increase knowledge about the bioindicator potential of benthic macroinvertebrates. Therefore, the study supports an advanced biomonitoring of ecological quality in mountain streams of southern Brazil.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: o objetivo do estudo foi determinar a valência ecológica de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em diferentes níveis de poluição em rios e arroios na região nordeste do Rio Grande do Sul. MÉTODOS: o conjunto de dados provém de coletas realizadas entre 2002-2011, em 35 ecossistemas lóticos. O Índice Químico foi utilizado para verificar os níveis de poluição. Os índices de riqueza e diversidade de Shannon foram utilizados para caracterizar a estrutura das comunidades bentônicas. Os descritores utilizados para determinar a valência ecológica dos taxa foram selecionados de acordo com os resultados de análises do Coeficiente de Variação e de regressão. Grupos de tolerância foram identificados por meio de análises da amplitude interquartil e de agrupamento. RESULTADOS: A condutividade e o Índice Químico foram os descritores que mostraram a maior relação com as comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentônicos. Estas métricas foram utilizadas para determinar a amplitude de tolerância de 38 taxa. As análises da amplitude interquartil e de agrupamento evidenciaram três grupos de taxa, conforme sua ocorrência em diferentes níveis de poluição: taxa com amplitudes estreitas, presentes em locais com enriquecimento orgânico muito alto ou muito baixo; taxa com amplitudes moderadas, encontrados até locais com poluição moderada; e taxa de ampla ocorrência em diferentes condições ambientais. CONCLUSÃO: o presente estudo contribui para aumentar o conhecimento sobre o potencial bioindicador de macroinvertebrados bentônicos, fornecendo bases para um biomonitoramento avançado da qualidade ecológica em águas correntes do sul do Brasil.

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          Resolução nº 357, de 17 de março de 2005. Dispõe sobre a classificação dos corpos de água e diretrizes ambientais para o seu enquadramento, bem como estabelece as condições e padrões de lançamento de efluentes, e dá outras providências

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            Biological indicators of freshwater pollution and environmental management

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              Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera assemblages in litter in a mountain stream of the Atlantic Rainforest from Southeastern Brazil

              The study of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera associated with litter in southeastern Brazil streams aimed to answer the following questions: 1) Does richness and composition of EPT fauna differ between riffle and pool mesohabitats despite being associated to the same substratum, litter? 2) Does the similarity of the EPT fauna between both mesohabitats change with time? 3) Does the EPT functional feeding structure differ between both mesohabitats (riffles-pools)? In order to answer these questions, monthly collections, from November 1999 to June 2000, were done in Ribeirão (Stream) Bocaina with a D-net (10 litter patches in riffles and 10 in pools). The EPT fauna at Ribeirão Bocaina was more diversified and more abundant in the litter in riffles than in the litter in pools, although, when richness was standardized for the same number of individuals it became similar in both conditions. EPT fauna was very different between both mesohabitats in terms of faunal composition as well as in terms of function. Probably it was due to differences in water speed, in the time of litter residence and in the concentration of dissolved oxygen between both mesohabitats.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                alb
                Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
                Acta Limnol. Bras.
                Associação Brasileira de Limnologia (Rio Claro )
                2179-975X
                June 2014
                : 26
                : 2
                : 119-128
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de Caxias do Sul Brazil
                Article
                S2179-975X2014000200003
                10.1590/S2179-975X2014000200003
                d6a3c440-0da8-4fb6-8b29-22dc4259b65d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=2179-975X&lng=en
                Categories
                LIMNOLOGY

                Ecology
                macroinvertebrates,bioindicators,lotic ecosystems,pollution level,southern Brazil,macroinvertebrados,bioindicadores,ecossistemas lóticos,níveis de poluição,sul do Brasil

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