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      Tracing potential soil contamination in the historical Solvay soda ash plant area, Jaworzno, Southern Poland

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          Abstract

          This study of soil conditions was carried out on 30 meadow soil (podzol) samples from the vicinity of the soda ash heap in Jaworzno, supplemented by analyses of 18 samples of waste deposited on the heap. In all samples, the total content of macroelements (Ca and Na) and heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn) as well as pH were analysed. The element concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The materials examined were neutral to ultra-alkaline. Total accumulations (mg kg −1) of chemical elements in the soil vary from 130.24 to 14076.67 for Ca, 41.40–926.23 for Na, 0.03–3.34 for Cd, 0.94–103.62 for Cr, 0.94–35.89 for Ni, 3.51–76.47 for Pb and 12.05–279.13 for Zn, whereas quantities of the same elements in the waste samples vary from 171705.13 to 360487.94 for Ca, 517.64–3152.82 for Na, 0.2–9.89 for Cd, 1.16–20.40 for Cr, 1.08–9.79 for Ni, 0.1–146.05 for Pb and 10.26–552.35 for Zn. The vertical distribution of the metals was determined in each soil profile. Despite enrichment of heavy metals in the uppermost horizon on the top of the heap, the results lead to the conclusion that the relation of historical production of soda ash in Jaworzno to current contamination of the local soil environment is insignificant.

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          Trace elements in soil and plants

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            Heavy Metals Contamination in Vegetables Grown in Urban and Metal Smelter Contaminated Sites in Australia

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              Trace element inputs into soils by anthropogenic activities and implications for human health.

              Trace element definition and functions, and inputs into soils from the most important anthropogenic sources, related and not related to agricultural practices, of general and local or incidental concern, are discussed in the first part of this review. Trace element inputs include those from commercial fertilizers, liming materials and agrochemicals, sewage sludges and other wastes used as soil amendments, irrigation waters, and atmospheric depositions from urban, industrial, and other sources. In the second part of the review, the most important ascertained effects of soil trace elements on human health are presented. The possible relations found between some specific soil trace elements, such as Cd, Se, As and others, and cancer incidence and mortality, and diffusion of other important human diseases are reviewed. Brief conclusions and recommendations conclude this review.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                +48 32 368 95 12 , katarzyna.sutkowska@us.edu.pl
                Journal
                Environ Monit Assess
                Environ Monit Assess
                Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
                Springer International Publishing (Cham )
                0167-6369
                1573-2959
                26 October 2015
                26 October 2015
                2015
                : 187
                : 11
                : 704
                Affiliations
                Department of Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, ul. Bedzinska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
                Article
                4930
                10.1007/s10661-015-4930-7
                4621701
                26501202
                d6d289f8-9289-4740-881d-353400fefa3e
                © The Author(s) 2015

                Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

                History
                : 16 April 2015
                : 20 October 2015
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015

                General environmental science
                soda ash,waste,heavy metals,soil contamination
                General environmental science
                soda ash, waste, heavy metals, soil contamination

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