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      Social Cognition and the Prefrontal Cortex

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      Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews
      SAGE Publications

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          Abstract

          Social cognitive neuroscience is a rapidly emerging field that utilizes cognitive neuroscientific techniques (e.g., lesion studies, neuroimaging) to address concepts traditionally in the social psychological realm (e.g., attitudes, stereotypes). The purpose of this article is to review published neuroscientific and neuropsychological research into social cognition. The author focuses on the role of the prefrontal cortex in social behavior and presents a framework that provides cohesion of this research. The article proposes that this framework will be useful in guiding future social cognitive neuroscientific research.

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          Most cited references187

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          Human aggression.

          Research on human aggression has progressed to a point at which a unifying framework is needed. Major domain-limited theories of aggression include cognitive neoassociation, social learning, social interaction, script, and excitation transfer theories. Using the general aggression model (GAM), this review posits cognition, affect, and arousal to mediate the effects of situational and personological variables on aggression. The review also organizes recent theories of the development and persistence of aggressive personality. Personality is conceptualized as a set of stable knowledge structures that individuals use to interpret events in their social world and to guide their behavior. In addition to organizing what is already known about human aggression, this review, using the GAM framework, also serves the heuristic function of suggesting what research is needed to fill in theoretical gaps and can be used to create and test interventions for reducing aggression.
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            The distributed human neural system for face perception

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              On the automatic activation of attitudes.

              We hypothesized that attitudes characterized by a strong association between the attitude object and an evaluation of that object are capable of being activated from memory automatically upon mere presentation of the attitude object. We used a priming procedure to examine the extent to which the mere presentation of an attitude object would facilitate the latency with which subjects could indicate whether a subsequently presented target adjective had a positive or a negative connotation. Across three experiments, facilitation was observed on trials involving evaluatively congruent primes (attitude objects) and targets, provided that the attitude object possessed a strong evaluative association. In Experiments 1 and 2, preexperimentally strong and weak associations were identified via a measurement procedure. In Experiment 3, the strength of the object-evaluation association was manipulated. The results indicated that attitudes can be automatically activated and that the strength of the object-evaluation association determines the likelihood of such automatic activation. The implications of these findings for a variety of issues regarding attitudes--including their functional value, stability, effects on later behavior, and measurement--are discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews
                Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews
                SAGE Publications
                1534-5823
                1552-4159
                June 2003
                May 18 2016
                June 2003
                : 2
                : 2
                : 97-114
                Affiliations
                [1 ]National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
                Article
                10.1177/1534582303002002002
                d7013296-62c2-4e1f-bf40-51200eb5af92
                © 2003

                http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license

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