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      Electrocatalytic determination of cysteamine using multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode in the presence of 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid as a homogeneous mediator

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          Abstract

          The electrooxidation of cysteamine (CA) was studied by modified carbon nanotubes paste electrode in the presence of 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid (3,4-DHCA) using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and linear sweep voltammetry. Using the modified electrode, the kinetics of CA electrooxidation was considerably enhanced by lowering the anodic over-potential through a catalytic fashion. The mechanism of CA electrochemical behavior at the modified electrode surface was analyzed by various electrochemical methods in the presence of mediator. The prepared modified electrode showed voltammetric responses with high sensitivity for CA, making it very suitable for the detection of CA at trace levels. A linear dynamic range of 0.25-400 µmol L-1 for CA was obtained in buffered solutions with pH 7.0. The limit of detection was 0.09 µmol L-1.

          Translated abstract

          A eletrooxidação da cisteamina (CA) foi estudada por eletrodos de pasta de nanotubos de carbono modificados com ácido 3,4-diidroxicinâmico (3,4-DHCA) usando voltametria cíclica, cronoamperometria e voltametria de varredura linear. Usando o eletrodo modificado, a cinética de eletrooxidação da CA foi consideravelmente intensificada através da redução do potencial anódico por meio de uma reação catalítica. O mecanismo de comportamento eletroquímico da CA na superfície do eletrodo modificado foi analisado por vários métodos eletroquímicos, na presença de mediador. O eletrodo modificado preparado apresentou respostas voltamétricas com alta sensibilidade para CA, o que o torna muito adequado para a detecção de CA em quantidades de traço. Um intervalo dinâmico linear de 0,25-400 µmol L-1 para a CA foi obtida em solução tamponada com pH 7,0. O limite de detecção foi de 0,09 µmol L-1.

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          Simple analytical expression for the peak-frequency shifts of plasmonic resonances for sensing

          We derive a closed-form expression that accurately predicts the peak frequency-shift and broadening induced by tiny perturbations of plasmonic nanoresonators without critically relying on repeated electrodynamic simulations of the spectral response of nanoresonator for various locations, sizes or shapes of the perturbing objects. The force of the present approach, in comparison with other approaches of the same kind, is that the derivation is supported by a mathematical formalism based on a rigorous normalization of the resonance modes of nanoresonators consisting of lossy and dispersive materials. Accordingly, accurate predictions are obtained for a large range of nanoparticle shapes and sizes, used in various plasmonic nanosensors, even beyond the quasistatic limit. The expression gives quantitative insight, and combined with an open-source code, provides accurate and fast predictions that are ideally suited for preliminary designs or for interpretation of experimental data. It is also valid for photonic resonators with large mode volumes.
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            Probing quantum confinement within single core-multishell nanowires

            Theoretically core-multishell nanowires under a cross-section of hexagonal geometry should exhibit peculiar confinement effects. Using a hard X-ray nanobeam, here we show experimental evidence for carrier localization phenomena at the hexagon corners by combining synchrotron excited optical luminescence with simultaneous X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Applied to single coaxial n-GaN/InGaN multiquantum-well/p-GaN nanowires, our experiment narrows the gap between optical microscopy and high-resolution X-ray imaging, and calls for further studies on the underlying mechanisms of optoelectronic nanodevices.
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              Exploiting the Brønsted Acidity of Phosphinecarboxamides for the Synthesis of New Phosphides and Phosphines

              We demonstrate that the synthesis of new N-functionalized phosphinecarboxamides is possible by reaction of primary and secondary amines with PCO− in the presence of a proton source. These reactions proceed with varying degrees of success, and although primary amines generally afford the corresponding phosphinecarboxamides in good yields, secondary amines react more sluggishly and often give rise to significant decomposition of the 2-phosphaethynolate precursor. Of the new N-derivatized phosphinecarboxamides available, PH2C(O)NHCy (Cy=cyclohexyl) can be obtained in sufficiently high yields to allow for the exploration of its Brønsted acidity. Thus, deprotonating PH2C(O)NHCy with one equivalent of potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (KHMDS) gave the new phosphide [PHC(O)NHCy]−. In contrast, deprotonation with half of an equivalent gives rise to [P{C(O)NHCy}2]− and PH3. These phosphides can be employed to give new phosphines by reactions with electrophiles, thus demonstrating their enormous potential as chemical building blocks.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                jbchs
                Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
                J. Braz. Chem. Soc.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Química (São Paulo )
                1678-4790
                January 2013
                : 24
                : 1
                : 32-39
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Islamic Azad University Iran
                [2 ] Islamic Azad University Iran
                Article
                S0103-50532013000100006
                10.1590/S0103-50532013000100006
                d7351228-9bae-4ff2-94a6-9014a2502112

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-5053&lng=en
                Categories
                CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                General chemistry
                cysteamine,electrocatalysis,voltammetry,multiwall carbon nanotubes,3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid

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