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      Prevalência de talassemias e hemoglobinas variantes em pacientes portadores de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico Translated title: Prevalence of thalassemias and variant hemoglobins in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

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          Abstract

          O lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) é uma doença tipicamente multigênica e multifatorial, com grande complexidade clínica e fisiopatológica. As causas do LES não são totalmente conhecidas, mas sabe-se que fatores ambientais e genéticos estão envolvidos. Dentre as várias manifestações clínicas observadas em pacientes com LES, as anemias chamam a atenção principalmente quando se observa nesse estudo uma prevalência de 52,5% dos pacientes com índices hematimétricos sugestivos de anemias. Embora a anemia geralmente já seja observada em pacientes com LES, estudos sobre a prevalência de anemias hereditárias, especialmente as hemoglobinopatias na população com LES, não têm sido conduzidos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o de avaliar a prevalência das hemoglobinopatias e talassemia em pacientes portadores de LES. Para isso, foram estudadas 80 amostras de sangue de pacientes portadores de lúpus atendidos no ambulatório do Hospital das Clínicas de Goiânia. Foram utilizados testes laboratoriais não moleculares para a detecção das hemoglobinopatias. A freqüência das alterações da hemoglobina foi de 10,0%, encontradas em oito pacientes. Dessas alterações, a mais prevalente foi a talassemia alfa, encontrada em quatro pacientes, correspondendo a uma freqüência de 5,0% da população estudada. Depois, foi o heterozigoto para a hemoglobina S, encontrada em dois pacientes, correspondendo a 2,5% da população, e também outro heterozigoto para a hemoglobina C, encontrada em um paciente, correspondendo a 1,25%, e um paciente com beta talassemia menor, correspondendo a 1,25%. Nenhum caso de homozigose foi encontrado no presente estudo. Este trabalho demonstrou que não houve diferença na prevalência dos distúrbios da hemoglobina entre a população em geral e os portadores de LES.

          Translated abstract

          Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a typically multigenic and multifatorial disease with remarkable clinical and pathogenic complexities. The causes of SLE are not totally known, but It is known that environmental and genetic factors are involved. Among various clinical manifestations observed in lupus patients, anemia calls the attention because of a prevalence of 52.5% of the patients with RBC indices suggestive of anemia identified in this study. Although anemia is usually seen in patients with SLE, studies of the prevalence of hereditary anemias, particularly hemoglobinopathies, have not been carried out in populations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of hemoglobinophaties in patients with SLE. We studied 80 blood samples of patients with SLE in Hospital das Clínicas in Goiania, Brazil. The frequency of alterations of the hemoglobin was 10.0% (8 patients). Among these alterations, the most prevalent was alpha thalassemia in 4 patients (5.0% of the studied population). The heterozygosity for hemoglobin S was seen in 2 patients (2.5%), hemoglobin C in one patient (1.25%) and one patient was identified with beta thalassemia minor. No homozygous cases were found in the present study. According to this work no difference in the prevalence of hemoglobin disorders was observed between general population and patients with SLE.

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          Diagnosis from the blood smear.

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            Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem

            Despite major advances in our understanding of the molecular pathology, pathophysiology, and control and management of the inherited disorders of haemoglobin, thousands of infants and children with these diseases are dying through lack of appropriate medical care. This problem will undoubtedly increase over the next 20 years because, as the result of a reduction in childhood mortality due to infection and malnutrition, more babies with haemoglobin disorders will survive to present for treatment. Although WHO and various voluntary agencies have tried to disseminate information about these diseases, they are rarely mentioned as being sufficiently important to be included in setting health care priorities for the future. It takes considerable time to establish expertise in developing programmes for the control and management of these conditions, and the lessons learned in developed countries will need to be transmitted to those countries in which they occur at a high frequency.
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              Prevalence of cognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus.

              We administered a battery of neuropsychological tests to 62 female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 12 female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 35 normal control subjects. By applying objective decision rules to individual test protocols, an overall prevalence of cognitive impairment of 66% was obtained in the SLE patient sample. Independent clinical, radiological, and laboratory data were used to determine neuropsychiatric (NP) symptomatology and to group SLE patients as 1) "active" (N = 21), 2) "inactive" (N = 15), and 3) "never" (N = 26) NP-SLE. More than 80% of the patients in groups 1 and 2 and 42% in group 3 showed significant cognitive impairment as compared with 17% of the RA patients and 14% of the normal control subjects. Neither steroid medication nor psychological distress could account for these findings. The unexpectedly high prevalence of cognitive impairment in SLE patients with either inactive or absent neuropsychiatric symptomatology provides evidence for subclinical nervous system involvement in SLE.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbhh
                Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia
                Rev. Bras. Hematol. Hemoter.
                Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia e Terapia Celular (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1516-8484
                1806-0870
                February 2008
                : 30
                : 1
                : 24-28
                Affiliations
                [05] orgnameUniversidade Católica de Goiás orgdiv1Departamento de Biomedicina
                [07] orgnameUniversidade Federal de Goiás orgdiv1Instituto de Ciências Biológicas orgdiv2Departamento de Biologia
                [01] orgnameUniversidade Católica de Goiás orgdiv1Departamento de Biomedicina
                [06] orgnameUniversidade Católica de Goiás
                [03] orgnameUniversidade Católica de Goiás orgdiv1Depto. de Biomedicina
                [02] orgnameUniversidade Federal de Goiás
                [04] orgnameUniversidade Católica de Goiás orgdiv1Departamento de Biomedicina
                Article
                S1516-84842008000100008 S1516-8484(08)03000108
                10.1590/S1516-84842008000100008
                d74c2d65-fed9-4382-9f2f-d4a4c1a1190a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 September 2006
                : 07 May 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos

                HPLC,Thalassemia,variant hemoglobins,systemic lupus erythematosus,laboratorial diagnoses,Talassemia,hemoglobinas variantes,lúpus eritematoso sistêmico,diagnóstico laboratorial

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