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      Why should we care about soil fauna? Translated title: Por que devemos nos importar com a fauna do solo?

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          Abstract

          The reasons why we care about soil fauna are related to their intrinsic, utilitarian and functional values. The intrinsic values embrace aesthetic or moral reasons for conserving below-ground biodiversity. Unfortunately, the protection of soil invertebrates has rarely been a criterion for avoiding changes in land use and management. Utilitarian, or direct use values, have been investigated more extensively for fungi, bacteria and marine invertebrates than for soil fauna. However, some traditional remedies, novel enzymes and pharmaceutical compounds have been derived from earthworms, termites and other groups, and gut symbionts may provide microbial strains with interesting properties for biotechnology. The functional importance of soil invertebrates in ecosystem processes has been a major focus of research in recent decades. It is suggested herein that it is rarely possible to identify the role of soil invertebrates as rate determinants of soil processes at plot and ecosystem scales of hectares and above because other biophysical controls override their effects. There are situations, however, where the activities of functional groups of soil animals, even of species, are synchronised in space or time by plant events, resource inputs, seasonality or other perturbations to the system, and their emergent effects are detectable as higher order controls.

          Translated abstract

          As razões porque nos importamos com a fauna do solo estão relacionadas com seus valores intrínsecos, utilitários e funcionais. Os valores intrínsecos abrangem razões morais ou estéticas para conservar a biodiversidade subterrânea. Infelizmente, a proteção dos invertebrados do solo raramente tem sido um critério para evitar mudanças no manejo e uso da terra. Valores utilitários, ou de uso direto, têm sido pesquisados mais extensamente para fungos, bactérias e invertebrados marinhos do que para a fauna do solo. Contudo, alguns remédios tradicionais, enzimas novas e produtos farmacêuticos têm sido derivados de minhocas, cupins e outros grupos, e os simbiontes intestinais podem prover estirpes microbianas com propriedades interessantes para a biotecnologia. A importância funcional dos invertebrados edáficos nos processos ecossitêmicos tem sido foco de muita pesquisa em décadas recentes. Se sugere que raramente é possível identificar o papel dos invertebrados edáficos como determinantes de processos edáficos em escala de parcela e ecossistema (hectares) e em maiores escalas porque outros controles biofísicos superam seus efeitos. Porém, existem situações em que as atividades de grupos funcionais da fauna edáfica, ou mesmo de algumas espécies, estão sincronizadas no espaço ou no tempo com eventos vegetais, entrada de recursos, sazonalidade ou outras perturbações ao sistema, e seus efeitos emergentes são detectáveis como controles de ordem superior.

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          Most cited references37

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          From peds to paradoxes: Linkages between soil biota and their influences on ecological processes

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            The role of soil fauna in ecosystems: A historical review

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              The role of earthworms in managed, permanent pastures in Devon, England

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pab
                Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
                Pesq. agropec. bras.
                Embrapa Informação Tecnológica (Brasília )
                1678-3921
                August 2009
                : 44
                : 8
                : 835-842
                Affiliations
                [1 ] University of Exeter
                Article
                S0100-204X2009000800006
                10.1590/S0100-204X2009000800006
                d769fa3d-5792-4ea5-8a62-1a4e212912fe

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-204X&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
                AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                Animal agriculture,General agriculture
                functions of soil fauna,biodiversity,scales,biodiversidade,preservação biológica,biological preservation,ecosystem processes,processos ecossistêmicos,funções da fauna edáfica,escalas

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