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      Imagen corporal y práctica de actividades físico-deportivas en estudiantes de nivel secundaria Translated title: The body image and the practice of physical-sport activities in middle school students Translated title: Imagem corporal e prática de atividades físico-desportivas em alunos do ensino secundário

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio es valorar la imagen corporal, la práctica de actividades físico-deportivas y la percepción de la salud en escolares adolescentes de educación secundaria. Se presenta un diseño de estudio de tipo no experimental, descriptivo, comparativo y correlacional. La población objeto de estudio es una muestra de 416 estudiantes de educación secundaria de la ciudad de San Nicolás de los Garza, N L México seleccionados mediante un muestreo aleatorio y estratificado por género y grado escolar, con una edad entre 12 y 15 años (13,14 ( 0,87), de los cuales 216 son hombres y 200 mujeres, con un peso promedio de 53,63 ( 10,33 kg, una estatura de 1,59 ( 8,44 m y un IMC de 21 ( 3,03. Se utilizó el cuestionario Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-8A), con 8 ítems y una escala de respuesta de 1 a 6 (donde 1 es nunca y 6 siempre), agrupados en puntos de corte sobre la procupación de la imagen corporal: < 19 ninguna, 19-25 leve, 26-33 moderada, > 33 marcada. El instrumento cuenta con buenas propiedades psicométricas. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS v24 y LISREL En general los estudiantes adolescentes mexicanos tienen una preocupación importante de su imagen corporal, especialmente en las mujeres y los que perciben una mala salud, y esta no es determinante de la práctica de actividades físico-deportivas.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to value body image, the practice of physical-sport activities, and the perception of the health in school age adolescents in middle school. A non-experimental, descriptive, comparative and correlational study design is presented. The subject population of the study is a sample of 416 middle school students from the city San Nicolas de los Garza, N L Mexico selected by random sampling and stratified by gender and grade level, with an age between 12 and 15 years (13,14 ( 0,87), of which 216 are male and 200 are female; with an average weight of 53,63 ( 10,33 kg, a height of 1,59 ( 8,44 m and a BMI of 21 ( 3,03. The questionnaire Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-8A) was used, with 8 items and a response scale of 1 to 6 (where 1 is never and 6 is always), grouped in cut off points based on the concern of the body image: < 19 never, 19-25 slight, 26-33 moderate, >33 marked. The instrument has good psychometric properties. The statistical program SPSS v24 and LISREL were used for the analysis of the data. In general, Mexican adolescent students have an important concern for their body image, especially in women and those who perceive poor health, people who have a higher practice of physical-sports activities show a positive attitude towards their own body.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO O objetivo do estudo é avaliar a imagem corporal, a prática de atividades físico-desportivas e a percepção de saúde em alunos adolescentes do ensino médio. Apresenta-se um desenho de estudo não experimental, descritivo, comparativo e correlacional. A população alvo é uma amostra de 416 estudantes do ensino médio da cidade de San Nicolás de los Garza, N L México, selecionado por amostragem aleatória e estratificado por gênero e série escolar, com idade entre 12 e 15 anos (13,14 ( 0,87), dos quais 216 são homens e 200 mulheres, com peso médio de 53,63 ( 10,33 kg, altura de 1,59 ( 8,44 m e IMC de 21 ( 3,03. Foi utilizado o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-8A), com 8 itens e uma escala de resposta de 1 a 6 (onde 1 nunca é e 6 sempre), agrupados em pontos de corte na preocupação com a imagem corporal: < 19 nenhum, 19-25 leve, 26-33 moderado, > 33 marcado. O instrumento tem boas propriedades psicométricas. O programa estatístico SPSS v24 e LISREL foram utilizados para a análise dos dados. Em geral, os estudantes adolescentes mexicanos têm uma preocupação importante com a sua imagem corporal, especialmente nas mulheres e naqueles que percebem a falta de saúde, e isso não é determinante para a prática de atividades físico-desportivas.

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          Most cited references38

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          Effects of exercise interventions on body image: a meta-analysis.

          Our meta-analysis examined the impact of exercise interventions on body image; and participant, intervention, and design features associated with larger effects. We identified 57 interventions (with pre-and post-data for the exercise and control groups) examining the effects of exercise on body image. A small random effect indicated that exercise intervention conditions had improved body image compared to control conditions; and that participant (age), design (year of publication), and intervention (exercise frequency and specificity) features moderated the effect size. Research examining the mechanisms and the exercise dose-response required for body image change is needed.
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            Body shape questionnaire: Derivation of shortened “alternate forms”

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              Body dissatisfaction, engagement in body change behaviors and sociocultural influences on body image among Chinese adolescents.

              Body dissatisfaction and body image disorders are becoming increasingly prevalent in developing non-Western countries such as China, but there is a lack of research examining the sociocultural factors that in other contexts have been associated with these problems. The current study investigated body dissatisfaction, engagement in body change behaviors, and sociocultural pressures on body image, and the relationships between these variables among 517 adolescent males (N=219) and females (N=298) in China. Females reported greater body dissatisfaction than males, and males reported using strategies to increase their muscle bulk more often than females. Males reported pressure from a variety of sociocultural sources to increase their muscles or weight, while females reported pressure from the media to lose weight. For males body dissatisfaction was predicted by pressure from peers to increase their muscle bulk, while for females pressure to lose weight from peers, adult relatives, and the media was likely to increase body dissatisfaction. Pressure from the media and adult relatives was also predictive of body change behaviors in both males and females. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research in both Western and non-Western contexts. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cpd
                Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte
                CPD
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain )
                1578-8423
                1989-5879
                April 2020
                : 20
                : 1
                : 252-260
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Mexico
                Article
                S1578-84232020000100019 S1578-8423(20)02000100019
                d7a19023-fa5c-437d-9859-8abec82d46c8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 December 2018
                : 07 November 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 44, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                V Coloquio Internacional de Psicología del Deporte Público REDDECA

                Body image,saúde,physical activity,adolescentes,salud,adolescents,Imagem corporal,actividad física,atividade física,Imagen corporal,health

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