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      Anti-Alzheimer potential, metabolomic profiling and molecular docking of green synthesized silver nanoparticles of Lampranthus coccineus and Malephora lutea aqueous extracts

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          Abstract

          The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) using plant extracts is an eco-friendly method. It is a single step and offers several advantages such as time reducing, cost-effective and environmental non-toxic. Silver nanoparticles are a type of Noble metal nanoparticles and it has tremendous applications in the field of diagnostics, therapeutics, antimicrobial activity, anticancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In the present work, the aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Lampranthus coccineus and Malephora lutea F. Aizoaceae were successfully used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The formation of silver nanoparticles was early detected by a color change from pale yellow to reddish-brown color and was further confirmed by transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX). The TEM analysis of showed spherical nanoparticles with a mean size between 12.86 nm and 28.19 nm and the UV- visible spectroscopy showed λ max of 417 nm, which confirms the presence of nanoparticles. The neuroprotective potential of SNPs was evaluated by assessing the antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Metabolomic profiling was performed on methanolic extracts of L. coccineus and M. lutea and resulted in the identification of 12 compounds, then docking was performed to investigate the possible interaction between the identified compounds and human acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and glutathione transferase receptor, which are associated with the progress of Alzheimer’s disease. Overall our SNPs highlighted its promising potential in terms of anticholinesterase and antioxidant activity as plant-based anti-Alzheimer drug and against oxidative stress.

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          Most cited references47

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          Silver colloid nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and their antibacterial activity.

          A one-step simple synthesis of silver colloid nanoparticles with controllable sizes is presented. In this synthesis, reduction of [Ag(NH(3))(2)](+) complex cation by four saccharides was performed. Four saccharides were used: two monosaccharides (glucose and galactose) and two disaccharides (maltose and lactose). The syntheses performed at various ammonia concentrations (0.005-0.20 mol L(-1)) and pH conditions (11.5-13.0) produced a wide range of particle sizes (25-450 nm) with narrow size distributions, especially at the lowest ammonia concentrations. The average size, size distribution, morphology, and structure of particles were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV/Visible absorption spectrophotometry. The influence of the saccharide structure (monosacharides versus disaccharides) on the size of silver particles is briefly discussed. The reduction of [Ag(NH(3))(2)](+) by maltose produced silver particles with a narrow size distribution with an average size of 25 nm, which showed high antimicrobial and bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including highly multiresistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was found to be dependent on the size of silver particles. A very low concentration of silver (as low as 1.69 mug/mL Ag) gave antibacterial performance.
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            Nanoparticle-mediated brain drug delivery: Overcoming blood-brain barrier to treat neurodegenerative diseases.

            The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a vital boundary between neural tissue and circulating blood. The BBB's unique and protective features control brain homeostasis as well as ion and molecule movement. Failure in maintaining any of these components results in the breakdown of this specialized multicellular structure and consequently promotes neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In several high incidence pathologies such as stroke, Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) the BBB is impaired. However, even a damaged and more permeable BBB can pose serious challenges to drug delivery into the brain. The use of nanoparticle (NP) formulations able to encapsulate molecules with therapeutic value, while targeting specific transport processes in the brain vasculature, may enhance drug transport through the BBB in neurodegenerative/ischemic disorders and target relevant regions in the brain for regenerative processes. In this review, we will discuss BBB composition and characteristics and how these features are altered in pathology, namely in stroke, AD and PD. Additionally, factors influencing an efficient intravenous delivery of polymeric and inorganic NPs into the brain as well as NP-related delivery systems with the most promising functional outcomes will also be discussed.
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              Biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles by novel sundried Cinnamomum camphora leaf

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project administration
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project administration
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project administration
                Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysis
                Role: Software
                Role: Software
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: MethodologyRole: Resources
                Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                6 November 2019
                2019
                : 14
                : 11
                : e0223781
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
                [2 ] Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
                [3 ] Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
                [4 ] Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
                [5 ] Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Cairo, Egypt
                [6 ] Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biosciences, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
                [7 ] Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
                [8 ] Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City, Minia, Egypt
                VIT University, INDIA
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1014-6922
                Article
                PONE-D-19-10315
                10.1371/journal.pone.0223781
                6834257
                31693694
                d88a0408-6f45-4996-8c9e-e507229eeb56
                © 2019 Youssif et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 28 April 2019
                : 27 September 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 9, Tables: 1, Pages: 19
                Funding
                This publication was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the University of Würzburg in the funding program Open Access Publishing.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Engineering and Technology
                Nanotechnology
                Nanoparticles
                Physical Sciences
                Chemistry
                Chemical Elements
                Silver
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Peptides
                Glutathione
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Dementia
                Alzheimer's Disease
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Neurology
                Dementia
                Alzheimer's Disease
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Neurology
                Neurodegenerative Diseases
                Alzheimer's Disease
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Antioxidants
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Enzymology
                Enzymes
                Proteases
                Serine Proteases
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Proteins
                Enzymes
                Proteases
                Serine Proteases
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Neurology
                Brain Diseases
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Metabolism
                Metabolomics
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

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