Knowledge attitude and behavior towards COVID-19 prevention among middle school students in the phase of normalized prevention and control in Wuhan

Abstract

Objective To understand knowledge, attitude and behavior toward Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among middle school students in Wuhan, in the phase of normalized control and prevention of COVID-19, so as to provide evidence for further health education.

Methods In January 2021, cluster random sampling method was used to select one middle school from Hongshan and Dongxihu District, as well as Donghu high tech zone, respectively. By using the “questionnaire star” platform, questionnaire QR code were sent to students through QQ or wechat by schools. A total of 4 531 middle school students were investigated.

Results Preventive knowledge and behavior rate was 71.5% (3 238) and 56.0% (2 537), respectively. Preventive behaviors towards COVD-19 was reported in 56.0% (2 537) of participants. Students with parents as health care workers reported higher preventive behaviors ( P<0.05). Girls had a higher rate of possession of health knowledge for prevention and control than boys. Compared with “essentially no concern about the epidemic”, “students with less concern about the epidemic” and “those with similar concern as 2020” were more likely to have higher awareness of health knowledge for prevention and control. Compared with the first-year junior middle school students, high school students were less likely to have the rates of knowledge for prevention and control health [ OR(95% CI) = 1.24 (1.09–1.43), 2.56 (1.54–4.25), 3.30 (1.99–5.48), 0.49(0.39–0.62), 0.45(0.36–0.57), 0.63 (0.46–0.88)]. In terms of health behavior rate, middle school students whose mothers are undergraduates, whose incomes were more than 8 001–15 000 and 15 000 yuan, “whose attention to epidemic situation has declined”, “whose attention is the same as that in 2020”, “who did not plan to study medicine before”, “who are determined to study medicine, and who plan to study medicine more firmly after epidemic situation” were more likely to have health behavior, [ OR(95% CI) = 1.29 (1.04–1.60), 1.39 (1.07–1.82), 1.74 (1.32–2.29), 1.77 (1.06–2.96), 3.47(2.08–5.81)], The grade–2 high middle school students had lower probability of preventing and controlling health behaviors [ OR(95% CI) = 0.74(0.60–0.90)] ( P<0.05). Preventive knowledge and behaviors towards COVID-19 are mainly from school education, communication with parents and mobile learning.

Conclusion Preventive knowledge and behaviors towards COVID-19 among Wuhan middle school students are needed to be improved and targeted health education should be implemented accordingly.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎 (以下简称 “新冠肺炎”) 疫情常态化防控下武汉市中学生防疫健康知识、态度、行 为 (KAP) 现状及影响因素,为下一步开展健康教育提供依据。 方法 2021 年 1 月,分层随机抽取武汉市洪山区、东西湖 区、东湖高新区各 1 所中学,共调查 4 531 名中学生。依托 “问卷星” 平台,学校通过QQ或微信群发送问卷二维码,调查学 生新冠肺炎常态化防控下健康知识、态度、行为现状。 结果 新冠肺炎防控知识知晓率为 71.46% (3 238 名), 新冠肺炎防 控行为具备率为 55.99% (2 537 名), 父、母职业为医护人员的中学生新冠肺炎防控行为具备率高于父母为其他职业者,知 识知晓率和行为具备率随年级的增高呈下降趋势,而随着家庭月收入的增高呈上升趋势 ( P 值均<0.05)。女生防控健康知 识具备率较男生高。与 “基本不关注疫情” 相比, “疫情关注度关注度有所下降”、“关注度跟 2020 年一样” 的中学生防控健 康知识的具备率可能性更高;与初一学生比,高一、高二、高三学生防控健康知识具备率的可能性更低 [ OR 值 ( OR 值 95% CI) 分别为 1.24 (1.09 ~ 1.43), 2.56(1.54 ~ 4.25), 3.30(1.99 ~ 5.48), 0.49(0.39 ~ 0.62), 0.45(0.36 ~ 0.57), 0.63(0.46 ~ 0.88)]。 而在健康行为具备率方面,母亲是本科、收入在 8 001–15 000 和 15 000 元以上、“疫情关注度有所下降”、“关注度跟 2020 年一样”、“以前没打算学医疫情中的所见所闻立志学医”、“本来打算学医疫情后更加坚定” 的中学生更有可能具备健康行 为 [ OR 值 ( OR 值 95% CI) 分别为 1.29(1.04 ~ 1.60), 1.39(1.07 ~ 1.82), 1.74 (1.32 ~ 2.29), 1.77(1.06 ~ 2.96), 3.47(2.08 ~ 5.81)]; 高二学生防控健康行为具备的可能性更低 [ OR 值 ( OR 值 95% CI) 为 0.74(0.60 ~ 0.90)] ( P 值均<0.05)。老师讲 授、家庭交流和手机端排在获取新冠疫情的渠道前 3 位。 结论 武汉市中学生新冠肺炎防控健康知识知晓率、行为具备率 还有提升空间,应针对性地开展健康教育。