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      The impact of pop-up warning messages of losses on expenditure in a simulated game of online roulette: a pilot study

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          Abstract

          Background

          ‘Pop-up’ warning messages have potential as a Responsible Gambling tool, but many warning messages in the literature are generic. The present study simulated digital roulette to compare the effectiveness of expenditure-specific, generic and control messages, during online roulette.

          Methods

          Forty-five casual gamblers participated in a laboratory setting. Gambles were ‘rigged’ such that participants suffered a net loss. Total ‘play money’ wagers from individual bets after the presentation of the messages were measured.

          Results

          Expenditure-specific warning messages demonstrated significant reductions in wager amounts compared with other message types - Generic ( p = .035) and Control messages ( p < .001). No significant differences were found between Generic and Control messages ( p > .05). Thus expenditure-specific warning messages about current losses were more effective than generic messages for reducing expenditure.

          Conclusions

          Expenditure-specific warning messages exhibit potential for ameliorating potentially harmful gambling behaviour. Expenditure-specific messages should be tested in a broader range of gambling contexts to examine their generalizability and potential for implementation in the gambling industry.

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          Most cited references40

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          Voluntary limit setting and player choice in most intense online gamblers: an empirical study of gambling behaviour.

          Michael M. Auer, MARK D. GRIFFITHS (2013)
          Social responsibility in gambling has become a major issue for the gaming industry. The possibility for online gamblers to set voluntary time and money limits are a social responsibility practice that is now widespread among online gaming operators. The main issue concerns whether the voluntary setting of such limits has any positive impact on subsequent gambling behaviour and whether such measures are of help to problem gamblers. In this paper, this issue is examined through data collected from a representative random sample of 100,000 players who gambled on the win2day gambling website. When opening an account at the win2day site, there is a mandatory requirement for all players to set time and cash-in limits (that cannot exceed 800 per week). During a 3-month period, all voluntary time and/or money limit setting behaviour by a subsample of online gamblers (n = 5,000) within this mandatory framework was tracked and recorded for subsequent data analysis. From the 5,000 gamblers, the 10 % most intense players (as measured by theoretical loss) were further investigated. Voluntary spending limits had the highest significant effect on subsequent monetary spending among casino and lottery gamblers. Monetary spending among poker players significantly decreased after setting a voluntary time limit. The highest significant decrease in playing duration was among poker players after setting a voluntary playing duration limit. The results of the study demonstrated that voluntary limit setting had a specific and significant effect on the studied gamblers. Therefore, voluntary limits appear to show an appropriate effect in the desired target group (i.e., the most gaming intense players).
          Article 0 comments Cited 56 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Responsible gambling: general principles and minimal requirements.

            Alex Blaszczynski, Hermano Tavares, Jean-Luc Venisse … (2011)
            Many international jurisdictions have introduced responsible gambling programs. These programs intend to minimize negative consequences of excessive gambling, but vary considerably in their aims, focus, and content. Many responsible gambling programs lack a conceptual framework and, in the absence of empirical data, their components are based only on general considerations and impressions. This paper outlines the consensus viewpoint of an international group of researchers suggesting fundamental responsible gambling principles, roles of key stakeholders, and minimal requirements that stakeholders can use to frame and inform responsible gambling programs across jurisdictions. Such a framework does not purport to offer value statements regarding the legal status of gambling or its expansion. Rather, it proposes gambling-related initiatives aimed at government, industry, and individuals to promote responsible gambling and consumer protection. This paper argues that there is a set of basic principles and minimal requirements that should form the basis for every responsible gambling program.
            Article 0 comments Cited 48 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Responsible gambling strategies for Internet gambling: The theoretical and empirical base of using pop-up messages to encourage self-awareness

              Sally Monaghan (2009)
              Article 0 comments Cited 46 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Paul McGivern: p.mcgivern@yorksj.ac.uk
                Zaheer Hussain:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7678-6615
                01332 591082 , Z.Hussain@derby.ac.uk , z.hussain@derby.ac.uk
                Sigrid Lipka: s.lipka@derby.ac.uk
                Edward Stupple: Stupple@derby.ac.uk
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Public Health
                Title: BMC Public Health
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2458
                Publication date (Electronic): 26 June 2019
                Publication date PMC-release: 26 June 2019
                Publication date Collection: 2019
                Volume: 19
                Electronic Location Identifier: 822
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0598 9700, GRID grid.23695.3b, York St John University, ; York, UK
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2232 4004, GRID grid.57686.3a, University of Derby, ; Derby, UK
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2232 4004, GRID grid.57686.3a, School of Human Sciences, , University of Derby, ; Kedleston Road, Derby, DE22 1GB UK
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7678-6615
                Article
                Publisher ID: 7191
                DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7191-5
                PMC ID: 6595584
                PubMed ID: 31242890
                SO-VID: d95cb551-33f8-4190-985a-07eca2e633ea
                Copyright © © The Author(s). 2019
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                Date received : 31 May 2018
                Date accepted : 17 June 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2019

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: responsible gambling,pop-ups,warning messages,electronic gaming machines,harm minimisation
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: responsible gambling, pop-ups, warning messages, electronic gaming machines, harm minimisation

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