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      Obstructive Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome as a Novel Potential Risk for Aging

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          Abstract

          Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common sleep disorder, negatively influencing individuals’ quality of life and socioeconomic burden. In recent years, OSAHS has been reported in not only constituting an aging-associated disease, but also in accelerating and/or potentiating aging mechanisms. However, the negative impacts of OSAHS on aging are underestimated because of low level of public awareness about this disease and high rates of undiagnosed cases, which are more critical in developing countries or economically disadvantaged regions. Hence, reviewing previously reported observations may assist scholars to better indicate that OSAHS is likely a novel potential risk for aging. Further understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of OSAHS and its role in procession of aging may markedly highlight the importance of this common sleep disorder.

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          The Hallmarks of Aging

          Carlos López-Otín, Maria Blasco, Linda Partridge … (2013)
          Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired function and increased vulnerability to death. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for major human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Aging research has experienced an unprecedented advance over recent years, particularly with the discovery that the rate of aging is controlled, at least to some extent, by genetic pathways and biochemical processes conserved in evolution. This Review enumerates nine tentative hallmarks that represent common denominators of aging in different organisms, with special emphasis on mammalian aging. These hallmarks are: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. A major challenge is to dissect the interconnectedness between the candidate hallmarks and their relative contributions to aging, with the final goal of identifying pharmaceutical targets to improve human health during aging, with minimal side effects. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
          Article 0 comments Cited 3400 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Oxidative stress shortens telomeres.

            Thomas von Zglinicki (2002)
            Telomeres in most human cells shorten with each round of DNA replication, because they lack the enzyme telomerase. This is not, however, the only determinant of the rate of loss of telomeric DNA. Oxidative damage is repaired less well in telomeric DNA than elsewhere in the chromosome, and oxidative stress accelerates telomere loss, whereas antioxidants decelerate it. I suggest here that oxidative stress is an important modulator of telomere loss and that telomere-driven replicative senescence is primarily a stress response. This might have evolved to block the growth of cells that have been exposed to a high risk of mutation.
            Article 0 comments Cited 765 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension.

              Paul E. Peppard, Terry Young, Mari Palta … (2000)
              Sleep-disordered breathing is prevalent in the general population and has been linked to chronically elevated blood pressure in cross-sectional epidemiologic studies. We performed a prospective, population-based study of the association between objectively measured sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension (defined as a laboratory-measured blood pressure of at least 140/90 mm Hg or the use of antihypertensive medications). We analyzed data on sleep-disordered breathing, blood pressure, habitus, and health history at base line and after four years of follow-up in 709 participants of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study (and after eight years of follow-up in the case of 184 of these participants). Participants were assessed overnight by 18-channel polysomnography for sleep-disordered breathing, as defined by the apnea-hypopnea index (the number of episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour of sleep). The odds ratios for the presence of hypertension at the four-year follow-up study according to the apnea-hypopnea index at base line were estimated after adjustment for base-line hypertension status, body-mass index, neck and waist circumference, age, sex, and weekly use of alcohol and cigarettes. Relative to the reference category of an apnea-hypopnea index of 0 events per hour at base line, the odds ratios for the presence of hypertension at follow-up were 1.42 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.78) with an apnea-hypopnea index of 0.1 to 4.9 events per hour at base line as compared with none, 2.03 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.29 to 3.17) with an apnea-hypopnea index of 5.0 to 14.9 events per hour, and 2.89 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.46 to 5.64) with an apnea-hypopnea index of 15.0 or more events per hour. We found a dose-response association between sleep-disordered breathing at base line and the presence of hypertension four years later that was independent of known confounding factors. The findings suggest that sleep-disordered breathing is likely to be a risk factor for hypertension and consequent cardiovascular morbidity in the general population.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Aging Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Aging Dis
                Title: Aging and Disease
                Publisher: JKL International LLC
                ISSN (Electronic): 2152-5250
                Publication date Collection: April 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 1 April 2021
                Volume: 12
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 586-596
                Affiliations
                [1-ad-12-2-586] 1Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
                [2-ad-12-2-586] 2Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Yina Wang, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Middle Ren-Min Road, Changsha, China. E-mail: wangyina@ 123456csu.edu.cn.
                Article
                Publisher ID: ad-12-2-586
                DOI: 10.14336/AD.2020.0723
                PMC ID: 7990365
                PubMed ID: 33815884
                SO-VID: d95fa4a8-ba7f-4c24-94ed-1dc78cc73373
                Copyright © copyright: © 2021 Li et al.
                License:

                this is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

                History
                Date received : 1 June 2020
                Date revision requested : 2 July 2020
                Date accepted : 23 July 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,aging,pathophysiological mechanism,aging-associated diseases
                Data availability:
                Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, aging, pathophysiological mechanism, aging-associated diseases

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