Prevalence of clinically elevated depressive symptoms in college athletes and differences by gender and sport.

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Abstract

There are approximately 400,000 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) student athletes and 5-7 million high school student athletes competing each year. According to the US Department of Health and Human Services, the depression prevalence rate for young adults, which ranges from 10% to 85% across studies, is higher than that of other age groups. Given the relatively high prevalence of depression in individuals of collegiate age in the general population, the prevalence of depression among athletes in this age group warrants further study. This multiyear study examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms in college athletes, as well as demographic factors related to increased or decreased rates of depressive symptoms by gender and sport.

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Most cited references 16

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A systematic review of studies of depression prevalence in university students.

Ahmed Ibrahim, Shona Kelly, Clive E Adams … (2013)

Depression is a common health problem, ranking third after cardiac and respiratory diseases as a major cause of disability. There is evidence to suggest that university students are at higher risk of depression, despite being a socially advantaged population, but the reported rates have shown wide variability across settings. To explore the prevalence of depression in university students. PubMed, PsycINFO, BioMed Central and Medline were searched to identify studies published between 1990 and 2010 reporting on depression prevalence among university students. Searches used a combination of the terms depression, depressive symptoms, depressive disorders, prevalence, university students, college students, undergraduate students, adolescents and/or young adults. Studies were evaluated with a quality rating. Twenty-four articles were identified that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Reported prevalence rates ranged from 10% to 85% with a weighted mean prevalence of 30.6%. The results suggest that university students experience rates of depression that are substantially higher than those found in the general population. Study quality has not improved since 1990. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Kate E. Webster, Julian A Feller, Christina Lambros (2008)

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to measure the psychological impact of returning to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Three types of psychological responses believed to be associated with resumption of sport following athletic injury--emotions, confidence in performance, and risk appraisal--were incorporated into a 12-item ACL-Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale. Two hundred and twenty participants who had undergone ACL reconstruction completed the scale between 8 and 22 months following surgery. The scale was shown to have acceptable reliability (Cronbach's alpha=0.92). Participants who had given up sport scored significantly lower on the scale (reflecting a more negative psychological response) than those who had returned or were planning to return to sport (p<0.001). It was concluded that the decision to return to sport after ACL reconstruction is associated with a significant psychological response. Preliminary reliability and validity was found for the ACL-RSI scale. This scale may help to identify athletes who will find sport resumption difficult.

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Physical Activity and Mental Health

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Br J Sports Med

Title: British journal of sports medicine

ISSN (Electronic): 1473-0480

ISSN (Print): 0306-3674

Publication date (Electronic): Feb 2016

Volume: 50

Issue: 3

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Advanced Studies in Psychology, Kean University, Union, New Jersey, USA.

[2 ] Division of Sports Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

[3 ] Department of Psychology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, New Jersey, USA.

Article

Publisher Item ID: 50/3/167

DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095756

PubMed ID: 26782764

SO-VID: d969f9ef-c1fa-4287-9b35-b965b5930aef

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