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      ¿SON CONSTITUCIONALES LAS CUOTAS DE GÉNERO PARA EL PARLAMENTO? Translated title: ARE GENDER QUOTAS FOR CONGRESS CONSTITUTIONAL?

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          Abstract

          Las cuotas de género consisten en un tipo de acción afirmativa, y esta corresponde a un modelo de igualdad de resultados, que es uno de tres modelos de igualdad, junto con la igualdad formal de recursos y la igualdad de oportunidades. Por ello, correspondiendo a un modelo de igualdad, no puede considerarse, en abstracto, que las cuotas constituyan una discriminación arbitraria y sean inconstitucionales. Tampoco constituyen una discriminación arbitraria porque tienen fundamento: aminorar la brecha estructural entre hombres y mujeres. Existe evidencia contundente que demuestra que las cuotas son indispensables para corregir esa brecha a nivel de representación parlamentaria. Finalmente, la situación de la mujer corresponde a lo que se denomina discriminación indirecta. Si aceptamos que el principio de igualdad obliga a combatir -en vez de tolerar- la discriminación indirecta y consideramos que las cuotas de género atacan dicha discriminación, entonces es posible justificar un imperativo constitucional de instituir cuotas de género. Existen también otros principios constitucionales que avalan el mismo imperativo.

          Translated abstract

          Gender quotas are a kind of affirmative action and this corresponds to a model of equality of results, which is one of three models of equality, along with formal equality of resources and equality of opportunities. Therefore, corresponding to a model of equality, quotas cannot be considered, in abstract, an arbitrary discrimination and thus, unconstitutional. Neither are they arbitrary discrimination because they are based on reasons: to reduce the structural gap between men and women. There is abundant evidence proving that quotas are indispensable to correct that gap pertaining to congressional representation. Finally, the situation of women corresponds to what is called indirect discrimination. If we agree that the principle of equality requires addressing -rather than tolerating- indirect discrimination, and provided that gender quotas attack that sort of discrimination, it is possible to justify a constitutional imperative to establish quotas. There are, also, other constitutional principles to sustain the same imperative.

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          Most cited references82

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          A Theory of justice

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            Derecho Constitucional Chileno

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              A Matter of Principle

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchilder
                Revista chilena de derecho
                Rev. chil. derecho
                Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Derecho (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-3437
                April 2015
                : 42
                : 1
                : 189-214
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad Diego Portales Chile
                Article
                S0718-34372015000100008 S0718-3437(15)04200100008
                10.4067/S0718-34372015000100008
                d9a62c2e-02f5-4f06-924a-7b9d517a6c46

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 48, Pages: 26
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                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ESTUDIOS - Derecho Constitucional

                parliamentary representation,cuotas,género,igualdad,representación parlamentaria,quotas,gender,equality

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