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      Atherosclerosis and inflammation: overview and updates

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      Clinical Science
      Portland Press Ltd.

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          Abstract

          The concept that inflammation participates pivotally in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications has gained considerable attention, but has not yet entered clinical practice. Experimental work has elucidated molecular and cellular pathways of inflammation that promote atherosclerosis. The recognition of atherogenesis as an active process rather than a cholesterol storage disease or a repository of calcium has highlighted some key inflammatory mechanisms. For example, mononuclear phagocytes contribute to all stages of this disease, illustrating the link between inflammation and atherosclerosis. From a clinical perspective, harnessing inflammation may now help target therapeutics, change guidelines, and enter daily practice. Multiple lines of incontrovertible evidence have proven a causal role for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in atherosclerosis, and we have highly effective tools for lowering LDL, consequently reducing events. Yet, even with intense LDL reduction, events still occur. Inflammation can explain some of this residual risk. An anti-inflammatory intervention has now proven capable of improving outcomes in individuals well treated with LDL-lowering agents. A suite of trials are now pursuing anti-inflammatory therapies in this context. Assessment and treatment of residual inflammatory risk are poised to provide new inroads into preventive cardiology. This brief review aims to explore the potential mechanisms underlying the association of inflammation and atherogenesis, and their clinical consequences.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Clinical Science
          Clin. Sci.
          Portland Press Ltd.
          0143-5221
          1470-8736
          June 21 2018
          June 29 2018
          June 21 2018
          June 29 2018
          : 132
          : 12
          : 1243-1252
          Article
          10.1042/CS20180306
          29930142
          d9d46028-1e9a-4f61-85cf-84f9546a1e90
          © 2018
          History

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