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      Tungurahualini, a new tribe of Neotropical leafhoppers, with notes on the subfamily Mileewinae (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae)

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      ZooKeys
      Pensoft Publishers
      Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, morphology, identification, distribution

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          A new cicadellid tribe, Tungurahualini, is recognized to include Tungurahuala Kramer, and a related new genus, Ilyapa gen. n., based on six new species. The tribe is included in subfamily Mileewinae, the concept of which is further expanded to include tribes Makilingiini Baker, and Tinteromini Godoy and Webb, taxa previously treated as separate subfamilies. Keys to tribes of Mileewinae (sensu lato) and genera of Tungurahualini are provided. A new species of Tungurahuala , Tungurahuala acuminata sp. n., is also described and keys to species of Tungurahuala and Ilyapa are provided. The new tribe is presently recorded only from cloud forests in the northern Andes Mountains of South America.

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          Most cited references6

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          KEYS TO THE FAMILIES OF CICADOMORPHA AND SUBFAMILIES AND TRIBES OF CICADELLIDAE (HEMIPTERA: AUCHENORRHYNCHA)

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            Taxonomic study of the Cicadellinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Part 1. Proconiini

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              Phylogeny of the major lineages of Membracoidea (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) based on 28S rDNA sequences.

              Analysis of sequences from a 3.5-kb region of the nuclear ribosomal 28S DNA gene spanning divergent domains D2-D10 supports the hypothesis, based on fossil, biogeographic, and behavioral evidence, that treehoppers (Aetalionidae and Membracidae) are derived from leafhoppers (Cicadellidae). Maximum-parsimony analysis indicated that treehoppers are the sister group of a lineage comprising the currently recognized cicadellid subfamilies Agalliinae, Megophthalminae, Adelungiinae, and Ulopinae. Based on this phylogenetic estimate, the derivation of treehoppers approximately coincided with shifts in physiology and behavior, including loss of brochosome production and a reversal from active, jumping nymphs to sessile, nonjumping nymphs. Myerslopiidae, traditionally placed as a tribe of the cicadellid subfamily Ulopinae, represented a basal lineage distinct from other extant membracoids. The analysis recovered a large leafhopper lineage comprising a polyphyletic Deltocephalinae (sensu stricto) and its apparent derivatives Koebeliinae, Eupelicinae (polyphyletic), Selenocephalinae, and Penthimiinae. Clades comprising Macropsinae, Neocoelidiinae, Scarinae, Iassinae, Coelidiinae, Eurymelinae + Idiocerinae, Evacanthini + Pagaroniini, Aphrodinae + Ledrinae (in part), Stenocotini + Tartessinae, and Cicadellini + Proconiini were also recovered with moderate to high branch support. Cicadellinae (sensu lato), Ledrinae, Typhlocybinae, and Xestocephalinae were consistently polyphyletic on the most-parsimonious topologies, but constraining these groups to be monophyletic did not significantly increase the length of the cladograms. Relationships among the major lineages received low branch support, suggesting that more data are needed to provide a robust phylogenetic estimate. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                URI : urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:82FCB86C-54B4-456A-AE5E-D7847D271CB9
                Journal
                Zookeys
                ZooKeys
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2011
                18 August 2011
                : 124
                : 19-39
                Affiliations
                [ ]Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, USA
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: C. H. Dietrich ( dietrich@ 123456inhs.uiuc.edu ).

                Academic editor: Mick Webb

                Article
                10.3897/zookeys.124.1561
                3175117
                21998531
                d9ecf6b8-14f6-41bd-885f-f4c7248611fd
                C. H. Dietrich

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 17 May 2011
                : 25 July 2011
                Categories
                Article

                Animal science & Zoology
                distribution,morphology,auchenorrhyncha,homoptera,identification
                Animal science & Zoology
                distribution, morphology, auchenorrhyncha, homoptera, identification

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