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      Melanoides tuberculata as intermediate host of Philophthalmus gralli in Brazil Translated title: Melanoides tuberculata como hospedeiro intermediário de Philophthalmus gralli no Brasil

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          Abstract

          Melanoides tuberculata that naturally harbored trematode larvae were collected at the Pampulha dam, Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brazil), during malacological surveys conducted from 2006 to 2010. From 7,164 specimens of M. tuberculata collected, 25 (0.35%) were infected by cercariae, which have been morphologically characterized as belonging to the Megalurous group, genus Philophthalmus. Excysted metacercariae were used for successful experimental infection of Gallus gallus domesticus, and adult parasites recovered from the nictitating membranes of chickens were identified as Philophthalmus gralli. This is the first report of P. gralli in M. tuberculata in Brazil.

          Translated abstract

          Melanoides tuberculata naturalmente infectados por larvas de trematódeos foram coletados na represa da Pampulha Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil durante estudos malacológicos realizados entre 2006 e 2010. De 7164 exemplares de M. tuberculata coletados, 25 (0,35%) apresentavam-se infectados por cercárias que foram caracterizadas morfologicamente como pertencentes ao grupo Megalura, gênero Philophthalmus. Metacercárias desencistadas foram utilizadas com sucesso para a infecção experimental de Gallus gallus domesticus e parasitos adultos recuperados da membrana nictitante das aves foram identificados como Philophthalmus gralli. Este é o primeiro relato de P. gralli em M. tuberculata no Brasil

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          Adherence to treatment: what is done in Sweden? Practice, education and research

          Objective The objective of this review was to identify the practice, education and research of pharmacists in Sweden in regard to adherence to treatment. Methods Medline was searched up to the end of February 2008. In addition to the Medline search performed, other available sources were also used to identify relevant articles. Results No adherence-specific programs have been implemented in Swedish pharmacies. No adherence-specific courses are provided in Swedish Universities educating pharmacists. The adherence-related research has so far mainly focused on refill non-adherence, primary non-adherence and patient reported non-adherence and readiness to treatment. Conclusions Adherence-related practice and education of pharmacists will probably change due to the deregulation of the pharmacy market that will take place in the near future in Sweden. Research on adherence will need to be strengthened in the sense that it has so far not been guided by adherence-related theoretical frameworks, despite the fact that there are several theories to hand that try to explain adherence.
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            Melanoides tuberculata (Mollusca: Thiaridae) as an intermediate host of Centrocestus formosanus (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) in Brazil

            Pleurolophocercous cercariae emerged from naturally infected Melanoides tuberculata from Minas Gerais State, Brazil, were used to perform experimental infection of laboratory-reared Poecilia reticulata. Mature metacercariae were obtained from the gills of fishes and force-fed to Mus musculus. The adult parasites which recovered from small intestines of mice were identified as Centrocestus formosanus. This is the first report of M. tuberculata as intermediate host of this heterophyid in Brazil.
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              Freshwater snails and schistosomiasis mansoni in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: I - metropolitan mesoregion

              In order to elaborate a planorbid chart of the State of Rio de Janeiro a survey of freshwater gastropods in the Metropolitan Mesoregion of this State was performed and revealed the occurrence of 20 species: Antillorbis nordestensis (Lucena, 1954); Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818); Biomphalaria schrammi (Crosse, 1864); Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848); Biomphalaria tenagophila (Orbigny, 1835); Burnupia sp.; Drepanotrema anatinum (Orbigny, 1835); Drepanotrema cimex (Moricand, 1839); Drepanotrema lucidum (Pfeiffer, 1839); Ferrissia sp.; Gundlachia ticaga (Marcus & Marcus, 1962); Heleobia davisi Silva & Thomé, 1985; Lymnaea columella Say, 1817; Melanoides tuberculatus (Müller, 1774); Physa cubensis Pfeiffer, 1839; Physa marmorata Guilding, 1828; Pomacea sp.; Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822); Pomacea lineata (Spix, 1827) and Pomacea sordida (Swainson, 1823). Among the planorbid species B. tenagophila was the most frequent, occurring in all municipalities surveyed. The present study extends the distribution of B. straminea in the State of Rio de Janeiro and reports new records for A. nordestensis, B. schrammi, G. ticaga, H. davisi and the genera Burnupia and Ferrissia. An account about the current transmission areas of schistosomiasis mansoni in this Mesoregion is presented as well.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rimtsp
                Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
                Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo
                Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                1678-9946
                December 2010
                : 52
                : 6
                : 323-327
                Affiliations
                [01] Belo Horizonte MG orgnameUFMG orgdiv1Instituto de Ciências Biológicas orgdiv2Departamento de Parasitologia Brasil
                Article
                S0036-46652010000600007 S0036-4665(10)05200607
                10.1590/S0036-46652010000600007
                da1ea31e-6ea7-442a-80c2-9ebaba8240f9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 October 2010
                : 26 July 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Parasitology

                Parasitology
                Melanoides tuberculata,Philophthalmus gralli,Snail intermediate host,Brazil,Eyefluke
                Parasitology
                Melanoides tuberculata, Philophthalmus gralli, Snail intermediate host, Brazil, Eyefluke

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