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      A Long-Term Follow-Up Study of Chest Pain Patients: Effect of Panic Disorder on Mortality, Morbidity, and Quality of Life

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          Abstract

          Aims: The aim was to assess the association between panic disorder (PD) and the long-term outcome of chest pain patients with or without coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Patients (n = 199) consecutively referred to a cardiology outpatient clinic because of chest pain were reassessed after 9 years. At the initial examination 16% suffered from CAD and 38% from PD. Data were collected on mortality, cardiac events, cardiac risk factors, chest pain, anxiety and depression (SCL-90-R), and health-related quality of life (SF-36). Results: The death rate in the study population was not significantly different from that in the general population and no significant associations were found between PD at baseline and mortality and cardiac morbidity at follow-up. PD was associated with significantly higher follow-up scores of chest pain intensity (p = 0.025), depression (p = 0.005), anxiety (p = 0.039), and poorer health-related quality of life: physical functioning (p = 0.004), role physical (p = 0.001), body pain (p = 0.007), and general health (p < 0.001). Conclusions: PD has a negative long-term effect on psychological and physical well-being of chest pain patients which emphasizes the necessity of identifying PD patients and offering them adequate treatment.

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          Quality of Life in Individuals With Anxiety Disorders

          M Mendlowicz (2000)
          Article 0 comments Cited 105 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Phobic anxiety and risk of coronary heart disease and sudden cardiac death among women.

            Christine Albert, Claudia U Chae, Kathryn Rexrode … (2005)
            High levels of phobic anxiety have been associated with elevated risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) death and sudden cardiac death (SCD) among men. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have looked at this association among women. Anxiety may influence CHD mortality by increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and SCD. We prospectively examined the relationship between phobic anxiety, as measured by the Crown-Crisp index (CCI), and CHD among women participating in the Nurses' Health Study. Among 72,359 women with no history of cardiovascular disease or cancer in 1988, 97 SCDs, 267 CHD deaths, and 930 nonfatal myocardial infarctions (MI) were documented over 12 years of follow-up. A higher score on the CCI was associated with an increased risk of SCD and fatal CHD but not of nonfatal MI in age-adjusted (P, trend < or =0.008) and in multivariable models excluding possible biological intermediaries (P, trend < or =0.03). Multivariable adjustment appeared to attenuate the relations; women who scored 4 or greater on the CCI were at a 1.59-fold (95% CI, 0.97 to 2.60) marginally increased risk of SCD and a 1.31-fold (95% CI, 0.97 to 1.75) marginally increased risk of fatal CHD compared with those who scored 0 or 1. After control for possible intermediaries (hypertension, diabetes, and elevated cholesterol), a trend toward an increased risk persisted for SCD (P=0.06). These prospective data suggest that high levels of phobic anxiety are associated with an increased risk of fatal CHD, particularly from SCD. Some but not all of this risk can be accounted for by CHD risk factors associated with phobic anxiety.
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              Seven year survival of patients with normal or near normal coronary arteriograms: a CASS registry study.

              Harvey Kemp, Richard A Kronmal, Ronald E. Vlietstra … (1986)
              The effect on 7 year survival of having a normal or near normal coronary arteriogram was examined using data from the CASS registry of 21,487 consecutive coronary arteriograms taken in 15 clinical sites. Of these, 4,051 arteriograms were normal or near normal, and the patients had normal left ventricular function as judged by absence of a history of congestive heart failure, no reported segmental wall motion abnormality and an ejection fraction of at least 50%; 3,136 arteriograms were entirely normal and the remaining 915 revealed mild disease with less than 50% stenosis in one or more segments. The 7 year survival rate was 96% for the patients with a normal arteriogram and 92% for those whose study revealed mild disease (p less than 0.0001). Nine risk variables recorded at entry were analyzed for predictive value for survival: age, sex, height, weight, history of smoking, presence of absence of mild disease, electrocardiographic response to exercise, family history of coronary heart disease and a history of hypertension. Of these, age, smoking history, presence or absence of disease and a history of hypertension had predictive value.
              Article 0 comments Cited 49 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): CRD
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cardiology
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0008-6312
                Title: Cardiology
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Print): 0008-6312
                ISSN (Electronic): 1421-9751
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2008
                Publication date (Print): April 2008
                Publication date (Electronic): 10 October 2007
                Volume: 110
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 8-14
                Affiliations
                aDepartment for Research and Education, Psychiatric Division, bOutpatient Clinic, Department of Cardiology, cFaculty Division Ullevaal University Hospital, dInstitute of Psychiatry, and eDepartment of Behavioural Sciences in Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
                Article
                Publisher ID: 109400 Other ID: Cardiology 2008;110:8–14
                DOI: 10.1159/000109400
                PubMed ID: 17934263
                SO-VID: da2e53d9-b09e-4cd7-995f-dbddcb6ffb62
                Copyright © © 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Date received : 11 January 2007
                Date accepted : 10 March 2007
                Page count
                Tables: 4, References: 35, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: General medicine,Neurology,Cardiovascular Medicine,Internal medicine,Nephrology
                Keywords: Coronary artery disease,Panic disorder,Chest pain,Psychological distress,Mortality,Health-related quality of life
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: General medicine, Neurology, Cardiovascular Medicine, Internal medicine, Nephrology
                Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Panic disorder, Chest pain, Psychological distress, Mortality, Health-related quality of life

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