Analysis on the status and related factors of physical quality among primary and middle school students in Henan Province

Abstract

Objective To analyze the present situation and associated factors of physical fitness and overweight and obesity a-mong primary and middle school students in Henan Province, and so as to explore the related factors and to provide reference forimproving students’ physical fitness.

Methods The data of students’ physical health survey in Henan Province in 2019 were used toanalyze the PFI and BMI of students aged 7–18. The Chi-square test was used to compare difference in overweight and obesity prev-alence by gender and residence. Analysis of variance was used to compare PFI differences among students of different age groups. Multi-variable Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of physical fitness.

Results A large pro-portion of students’ PFI was between −5 and 5. 0−<5 group (46.8%), followed by −5−<0 group (44.0%), and ≥5 group. The detection rates of overweight and obesity were higher in boys (16.8%, 12.3%) than in girls (12.8%, 7.6%), and in cities (16.1%, 11.8%) than in rural areas (13.3%, 7.9%) (χ ²= 124.78, 245.43; 62.52, 166.23, P<0.01). PFI was negatively correlated with BMI ( r = −0.23, P<0.01). Age ( OR = 1.01), urban and rural (rural’s OR = 1.21), gender (female’s OR = 1.11), overweight ( OR = 1.94), obesity ( OR = 4.85) were the influencing factors of physical fitness ( P<0.05).

Conclusion Age, residence, gender, overweight and obesity are the related factors of physical fitness. Controlling overweight and obesity can effectively improve students’ physical fitness. analysis; Students

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 分析河南省中小学生身体素质、超重肥胖现状, 探讨身体素质的相关因素, 为提髙学生身体素质提供参考。 方法 利用 2019 年河南省学生体质健康调研数据, 分析 7~18 岁学生身体素质指数 (PFI)、体质量指数 (BMI) 等相关指标, 利用 χ ² 检验比较男女、城乡学生超重肥胖检出率, 利用秩和检验比较各年龄组学生 PFI 差异, 利用多因素 Logistic 回归分析 PFI 的影响因素。 结果 多数学生的 PFI 在 −5~5,0~<5 组占比最多 (46.8%), 其次是 −5~<0组 (44.0%), 最少的是 ≥5 组; 超重、肥胖检出率均表现为男生 (16.8%, 12.3%) 髙于女生 (12.8%, 7.6%)、城市 (16.1%, 11.8%) 髙于乡村 (13.3%, 7.9%) (χ ² 值分别为 124.78, 245.43; 62.52, 166.23, P 值均<0.01)。PFI 与 BMI 呈负相关 ( r =−0.23, P<0.01)。二元 Logistic 回归分析显示, 年龄 ( OR =1.01)、城乡 (乡 OR =1.21)、性别 (女 OR = 1.11)、超重 ( OR =1.94)、肥胖 ( OR = 4.85) 是身体素质的影响因素 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 年龄、城乡、性别、超重、肥胖是身体素质的正向影响因素, 控制超重肥胖有利于学生身体素质提髙。