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      Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in Spheniscus magellanicus (Foster, 1781) located in Pontal do Sul, PR, Brazil Translated title: Ocorrência de parasitas gastrintestinais em Spheniscus magellanicus (Foster, 1781) localizados em Pontal do Sul, PR, Brasil

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal parasitism is the main health problem faced by Spheniscus magellanicus, known as Magellanic penguins, in route on the Brazilian coast. The aim of this research was to report the occurrence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites in S. magellanicus that reached Pontal do Sul, Paraná, South of Brazil. The study was performed at the Marine Study Center of the Federal University of Parana (CEM-UFPR) with 38 specimens, 31 were necropsied and seven were examined alive with coproparasitological exams. From the necropsied animals, 93.5% (29/31) were parasitized with at least one parasite species. Contracaecum pelagicum was the most prevalent 93,5% (29/31) parasite, followed by Cardiocephaloides physalis (64.5%) and Tetrabothrius lutzi (51.6%). Only one animal was free of parasites and the most infected bird had 1.076 parasites with an average of 194 worms. Willis-Mollay method revealed that 57.1% (4/7) had C. pelagicum eggs. In conclusion, the high rate of gastrointestinal parasites in S. magellanicus confirms the clinical exams, when animals had poor health conditions when they were found in the cost of Paraná. This study provides data to enrich the literature regarding the helminth fauna of the Magellanic penguins, assisting sanitary control programs in Rehabilitation Centers for Marine Animals.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO As parasitoses gastrintestinais são o principal problema sanitário enfrentado pelo Spheniscus magellanicus, conhecido como pinguim-de-magalhães, que faz rota no litoral brasileiro. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi relatar a ocorrência e a intensidade de parasitas gastrintestinais em Spheniscus magellanicus encontrados em Pontal do Sul, Paraná, Sul do Brasil. O estudo foi realizado no Centro de Estudos Marinhos da Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEM-UFPR, com 38 espécimes; 31 dos quais foram necropsiados, e em sete aves vivas foram realizados exames coproparasitológicos. Do total analisado, 93,5% (29/31) aves estavam parasitadas com pelo menos uma espécie, sendo o Contracaecum pelagicum o mais prevalente, 93,5% (29/31), seguido de Cardiocephaloides physalis (64,5%) e de Tetrabothrius lutzi (51,6%). Somente um animal estava livre de parasitas e a ave mais infectada possuía 1.076 parasitas; a média foi em 194 vermes. No exame de Willis-Mollay, foi observada positividade em 57,1% (4/7) para C. pelagicum. Conclui-se que o alto índice de parasitas gastrintestinais em S. magellanicus confirma os exames clínicos que eles apresentaram, de baixa condição sanitária, quando foram encontrados no litoral do Paraná. Este estudo fornece dados que irão enriquecer a literatura sobre a helminto fauna do pinguim-de-magalhães, auxiliando programas de controle sanitário em Centros de Reabilitação de Animais Marinhos.

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          Magellanic penguin mortality in 2008 along the SW Atlantic coast.

          Magellanic penguins migrate from Patagonia reaching northern Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil on their winter migration, in parallel with the seasonal pulse of anchovy spawning. In 2008, Magellanic penguins went further north than usual. Many died and a few swam nearly to the Equator. Twelve groups surveyed 5000 km of coastline encountering 3371 penguins along the coast. Most penguins arrived in northern Brazil (68.4%) without petroleum (2933, 87%). Almost all penguins without petroleum were juveniles (2915, 99%) and 55% were alive when found. Penguins were dehydrated, anemic, hypothermic, and emaciated. Of the penguins with petroleum, 13% arrived in the southern half of Brazil, showing that petroleum pollution remains a problem along the SW Atlantic coast. The mortality occurred in the winter of 2008 when sea surface temperature were unusually cold perhaps reducing the prey for penguins. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Diet of the Magellanic Penguin on the Coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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              Parásitos gastrointestinales en pingüino de Humboldt (Spheniscus humboldti) y pingüino de Magallanes (Spheniscus magellanicus) en las costas del centro y centro sur de Chile

              A través de necropsias parasitarias realizadas a 12 pingüinos provenientes del litoral del centro y centro sur de Chile, se aislaron los helmintos Tetrabothrius lutzi, T. eudyptidis, Cardio-cephaloidesphysalis, Contracaecumpelagicum, C. heardi y Ascaridia sp. en pingüino de Magallanes y ejemplares de T. eudyptidis y Contracaecum pelagicum en pingüino de Humboldt. Las especies T. eudyptidis, C. pelagicum y C. heardi representan nuevos registros para Chile. Las especies C. physalis y Ascaridia sp. constituyen nuevas especies parásitas para el pingüino de Magallanes. Los presentes resultados son discutidos.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                abmvz
                Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
                Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
                Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Escola de Veterinária (Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil )
                0102-0935
                1678-4162
                March 2018
                : 70
                : 2
                : 491-496
                Affiliations
                [2] Curitiba Paraná orgnameUniversidade Federal do Paraná Brazil
                [5] Belo Horizonte MG orgnameInstituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Brazil
                [4] União da Vitória Paraná orgnameFaculdades Integradas do Vale do Iguaçu Brazil
                [1] Curitiba Paraná orgnameUniversidade Federal do Paraná Brazil
                [3] Curitiba Paraná orgnameUniversidade Federal do Paraná Brazil
                Article
                S0102-09352018000200491
                10.1590/1678-4162-9335
                da855ee1-9951-45ce-ac0c-b0ec53fea8c2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 August 2016
                : 03 February 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 18, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                endoparasitas,parasitic diseases,endoparasites,doenças parasitárias,aves selvagens,wild birds

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