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      Una aproximación bioarqueológica al estudio del poblamiento prehispánico tardío del Sudeste de la Región Pampeana

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          Abstract

          El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar, comparar y discutir la información bioarqueológica disponible para las poblaciones humanas del Holoceno tardío del Sudeste de la Región Pampeana (estructura regional del registro, indicadores óseos y dentales de salud, nutrición y dieta y variabilidad morfológica inter e intramuestral), con el fin de formular un modelo del poblamiento del área durante este período. La evidencia bioarqueológica sugiere que durante el Holoceno tardío pudieron haberse dado en el área condiciones que condujeron a una reducción de la movilidad, a una probable ampliación de la dieta, a una intensificación en el uso de recursos de bajo retorno y a cambios en las relaciones sociales y ecológicas de las poblaciones humanas respecto a anteriores momentos del Holoceno. Estos cambios pueden ser explicados como el resultado de una expansión demográfica y geográfica y de la ocupación efectiva del espacio regional posterior a una probable retracción poblacional ocurrida a mediados del Holoceno medio. Estos procesos se discuten a través de la aplicación de ciertos principios derivados del emergente campo de la geografía evolutiva (Lahr y Foley 1998) y de la ecología evolutiva (modelo Travelers-Processors; Bettinger y Baumhoff 1982).

          Translated abstract

          The aims of this paper are to present, compare and discuss the growing bioarchaeological database available for the late human populations from the southeastern Pampean Region in Argentina. These data are related to the regional structure of the bioarchaeological record, the sample distribution of bone and dental indicators of health status, nutrition and diet, and cranial and postcranial morphological diversity. All the bioarchaeological evidence suggests the existence during the Late Holocene of conditions promoting a reduction in group mobility, a broadening of diet spectrum, increased emphasis in processing of some relatively low return vegetal resources, such as seeds and sheaths, territorial behavior and, in some areas, population competition and replacement. These changes are explained as the result of demographic and geographic expansion leading to the effective occupation of all the available regional space after a probable population retraction during the Middle Holocene (ca. 6000-5000 years BP) and, later, the geographic expansion of north patagonian population into the area. The theoretical grounds for the discussion are provided by some principles taken from the emergent field of evolutionary geography (Lahr and Foley 1998), and from evolutionary ecology (Travelers-Processors Model; Bettinger and Baumhoff 1982).

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          Most cited references98

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          Human Territoriality: An Ecological Reassessment

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            The Numic Spread: Great Basin Cultures in Competition

            The rapid spread of Numic peoples into the Great Basin about 500-700 years ago is a major anomaly in the prehistory of that region because, according to current interpretations, it occurred in the absence of major adaptive change. A review of existing evidence suggests that this view is incorrect; we propose an alternative notion of important contrasts between Prenumic and Numic adaptation in terms of the relative reliance on large game and small seeds. These contrasts explain why the Numic speakers were consistently able to expand at the expense of Prenumic groups.
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              Arqueología de la Patagonia

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                iant
                Intersecciones en antropología
                Intersecciones antropol.
                Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales (Olavarría, Buenos Aires, Argentina )
                1850-373X
                December 2001
                : 0
                : 2
                : 03-19
                Affiliations
                [01] La Plata orgnameUNLP orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo gbarrien@ 123456soc.unicen.edu.ar
                Article
                S1850-373X2001000100001
                dab3cf46-b0f3-48eb-bbe7-cdbcde2fcdd4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 77, Pages: 17
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                SciELO Argentina


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