Newly Isolated Animal Pathogen  Corynebacterium silvaticum  Is Cytotoxic to Human Epithelial Cells

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Abstract

Corynebacterium silvaticum is a newly identified animal pathogen of forest animals such as roe deer and wild boars. The species is closely related to the emerging human pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans and the widely distributed animal pathogen Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. In this study, Corynebacterium silvaticum strain W25 was characterized with respect to its interaction with human cell lines. Microscopy, measurement of transepithelial electric resistance and cytotoxicity assays revealed detrimental effects of C. silvaticum to different human epithelial cell lines and to an invertebrate animal model, Galleria mellonella larvae, comparable to diphtheria toxin-secreting C. ulcerans. Furthermore, the results obtained may indicate a considerable zoonotic potential of this newly identified species.

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Most cited references 63

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IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors.

Kenya Honda, Tadatsugu Taniguchi (2006)

The interferon-regulatory factor (IRF) family of transcription factors was initially found to be involved in the induction of genes that encode type I interferons. IRFs have now been shown to have functionally diverse roles in the regulation of the immune system. Recently, the crucial involvement of IRFs in innate and adaptive immune responses has been gaining much attention, particularly with the discovery of their role in immunoregulation by Toll-like receptors and other pattern-recognition receptors.

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Galleria mellonella infection models for the study of bacterial diseases and for antimicrobial drug testing

Catherine Tsai, Jacelyn Mei San Loh, Thomas Proft (2016)

abstract Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth or honeycomb moth) has been introduced as an alternative model to study microbial infections. G. mellonella larvae can be easily and inexpensively obtained in large numbers and are simple to use as they don't require special lab equipment. There are no ethical constraints and their short life cycle makes them ideal for large-scale studies. Although insects lack an adaptive immune response, their innate immune response shows remarkable similarities with the immune response in vertebrates. This review gives a current update of what is known about the immune system of G. mellonella and provides an extensive overview of how G. mellonella is used to study the virulence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the use of G. mellonella to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial agents and experimental phage therapy are also discussed. The review concludes with a critical assessment of the current limitatons of G. mellonella infection models.

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Intracellular pattern recognition receptors in the host response.

Etienne Meylan, Jurg Tschopp, Michael Karin (2006)

The innate immune system relies on its capacity to rapidly detect invading pathogenic microbes as foreign and eliminate them. Indeed, Toll-like receptors are a class of membrane receptors that sense extracellular microbes and trigger anti-pathogen signalling cascades. Recently, intracellular microbial sensors have also been identified, including NOD-like receptors and the helicase-domain-containing antiviral proteins RIG-I and MDA5. Some of these cytoplasmic molecules sense microbial, as well as non-microbial, danger signals, but the mechanisms of recognition used by these sensors remain poorly understood. Nonetheless, it is apparent that these proteins are likely to have critical roles in health and disease.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Rustam I. Aminov: Role: Academic Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Mol Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Mol Sci

Journal ID (publisher-id): ijms

Title: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1422-0067

Publication date (Electronic): 29 March 2021

Publication date Collection: April 2021

Volume: 22

Issue: 7

Electronic Location Identifier: 3549

Affiliations

[1 ]Microbiology Division, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; jens.moeller@ 123456fau.de

[2 ]Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, 07743 Jena, Germany; anne.busch@ 123456med.uni-jena.de (A.B.); Helmut.Hotzel@ 123456fli.de (H.H.)

[3 ]Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany

[4 ]Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, 007743 Jena, Germany; Christian.Berens@ 123456fli.de

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[* ]Correspondence: andreas.burkovski@ 123456fau.de ; Tel.: +49-9131-852-8086

Author information

Jens Möller https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2909-674X

Anne Busch https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9560-0057

Andreas Burkovski https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1896-4521

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Publisher ID: ijms-22-03549

DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073549

PMC ID: 8037504

PubMed ID: 33805570

SO-VID: dab3d4f4-ea6b-4348-b2e1-3e2afc49f371

License:

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Newly Isolated Animal Pathogen Corynebacterium silvaticum Is Cytotoxic to Human Epithelial Cells

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Abstract

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Ticks and tick-borne pathogens

Most cited references 63

IRFs: master regulators of signalling by Toll-like receptors and cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors.

Galleria mellonella infection models for the study of bacterial diseases and for antimicrobial drug testing

Intracellular pattern recognition receptors in the host response.

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