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      Produção e qualidade de sementes de feijão-caupi em função de doses de molibdénio e da população de plantas Translated title: Production and quality of cowpea seeds as a function of molybdenum doses and plant population

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          Abstract

          A população de plantas e a adubação com micronutrientes influenciam diretamente o comportamento do feijão-caupi(Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), e dependem das condições de plantação, das características morfológicas e fisiológicas e da capacidade produtiva das cultivares, resultando, assim, na produção de sementes de alta qualidade. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar os efeitos de doses de molibdénio e densidades de plantas na produção e qualidade de sementes de feijão-caupi, cultivar BRS Novaera. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, envolvendo quatro doses de molibdénio aplicadas via semente (0, 40, 80 e 120 g.ha-1) e quatro densidades populacionais (100, 160, 220 e 280 mil plantas.ha-1). Após a colheita, determinou-se a produtividade e as sementes foram submetidas às seguintes avaliações: teor de humidade, massa de mil sementes, germinação, emergência de plântulas, índice de velocidade de emergência, comprimento e massa seca da parte aérea de plântulas. A aplicação de doses de molibdénio via sementes não afetou a produção e a qualidade das sementes da cultivar. Entretanto, o aumento da densidade de plantas por hectare promoveu acréscimos significativos na produtividade e na massa de mil sementes.

          Translated abstract

          The plant population density and fertilization with micronutrients directly influence the cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. performance, depending on the growing conditions, the morphological and physiological characteristics, and productive capacity of the cultivars thus affecting the quality of seeds. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of doses of molybdenum and plant density on the yield and quality of cowpea seeds, cultivar BRS Novaera. Randomized block design with four replications was used, with the treatments being 4 x 4 factorial, involving four molybdenum rates applied to seeds (0, 40, 80 and 120 g.ha-1) and four population densities (100, 160, 220 and 280 thousand plants.ha-1). After harvesting, productivity was determined, and the seeds were submitted to the following evaluations: moisture content, mass of one thousand seeds, germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, length and dry mass of shoot. The application of molybdenum to seeds did not affect production and the quality of the seeds. However, the increase in plant population density led to significant increases in productivity and mass of a thousand seeds.

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          Most cited references26

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          Speed of germination-aid selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor

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            The role of molybdenum in agricultural plant production.

            The importance of molybdenum for plant growth is disproportionate with respect to the absolute amounts required by most plants. Apart from Cu, Mo is the least abundant essential micronutrient found in most plant tissues and is often set as the base from which all other nutrients are compared and measured. Molybdenum is utilized by selected enzymes to carry out redox reactions. Enzymes that require molybdenum for activity include nitrate reductase, xanthine dehydrogenase, aldehyde oxidase and sulfite oxidase. Loss of Mo-dependent enzyme activity (directly or indirectly through low internal molybdenum levels) impacts upon plant development, in particular, those processes involving nitrogen metabolism and the synthesis of the phytohormones abscisic acid and indole-3 butyric acid. Currently, there is little information on how plants access molybdate from the soil solution and redistribute it within the plant. In this review, the role of molybdenum in plants is discussed, focusing on its current constraints in some agricultural situations and where increased molybdenum nutrition may aid in agricultural plant development and yields. Molybdenum deficiencies are considered rare in most agricultural cropping areas; however, the phenotype is often misdiagnosed and attributed to other downstream effects associated with its role in various enzymatic redox reactions. Molybdenum fertilization through foliar sprays can effectively supplement internal molybdenum deficiencies and rescue the activity of molybdoenzymes. The current understanding on how plants access molybdate from the soil solution or later redistribute it once in the plant is still unclear; however, plants have similar physiological molybdenum transport phenotypes to those found in prokaryotic systems. Thus, careful analysis of existing prokaryotic molybdate transport mechanisms, as well as a re-examination of know anion transport mechanisms present in plants, will help to resolve how this important trace element is accumulated.
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              Manual de análises químicas de solos, plantas e fertilizantes

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rca
                Revista de Ciências Agrárias
                Rev. de Ciências Agrárias
                Sociedade de Ciências Agrárias de Portugal (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                0871-018X
                September 2017
                : 40
                : 3
                : 533-542
                Affiliations
                [3] Vitória da Conquista BA orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia orgdiv1Departamento de Fitotecnia e Zootecnia Brasil
                [2] Bom Jesus da Lapa Bahia orgnameInstituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano Brasil
                [1] Vitória da Conquista BA orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia Brasil
                Article
                S0871-018X2017000300006
                10.19084/RCA17028
                dade5d75-7e1c-4cf0-ab2e-b45ab59d52a6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 February 2017
                : 10 February 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Portugal


                Adubação molibdénica,densidades populacionais,germinação,vigor,Molybdenum fertilization,population density,germination

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