221
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
2 collections
    2
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Reach for your cell phone at your own risk: The cognitive costs of media choice for breaks

      research-article
      1 , 1 , *
      Journal of Behavioral Addictions
      Akadémiai Kiadó
      cell phone addiction, breaks, cognitive resources

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Introduction

          Since there is steady increase in cell phone addiction, the act of reaching for a phone between tasks, or even mid-task, is becoming more commonplace, without a true understanding about the potential cognitive costs of taking a break in this way as opposed to taking a break through another medium.

          Methods

          This experimental study included 414 participants who completed a cognitively demanding task (solving anagrams) either on paper or on a computer screen. Participants in three of four randomly assigned conditions engaged in a break task (selecting items for a hypothetical shopping list) either on a cell phone, a larger computer screen, or on a paper in the middle of the task. The fourth condition had participants engaging in both halves of the cognitive task with no break.

          Results

          The results show that using cell phone for a break did not allow brain to recharge as effectively as the other types of breaks, both in terms of being able to perform quickly and efficiently in the second half of the task (how long it took to complete), and in terms of performance (how many anagrams were successfully solved in the second half).

          Discussion and conclusions

          As people are increasingly addicted to their cell phones, it is important to know the unintended costs associated with reaching for this device every spare minute. Although people may assume that it is not different from any other kind of interaction or break, this study shows that the phone might be more cognitively taxing than expected.

          Related collections

          Most cited references40

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found

          Relationship of Smartphone Use Severity with Sleep Quality, Depression, and Anxiety in University Students

          Background and Aims The usage of smartphones has increased rapidly in recent years, and this has brought about addiction. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between smartphone use severity and sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. Methods In total, 319 university students (203 females and 116 males; mean age = 20.5 ± 2.45) were included in the study. Participants were divided into the following three groups: a smartphone non-user group (n = 71, 22.3%), a low smartphone use group (n = 121, 37.9%), and a high smartphone use group (n = 127, 39.8%). All participants were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory; moreover, participants other than those in the smartphone non-user group were also assessed with the Smartphone Addiction Scale. Results The findings revealed that the Smartphone Addiction Scale scores of females were significantly higher than those of males. Depression, anxiety, and daytime dysfunction scores were higher in the high smartphone use group than in the low smartphone use group. Positive correlations were found between the Smartphone Addiction Scale scores and depression levels, anxiety levels, and some sleep quality scores. Conclusion The results indicate that depression, anxiety, and sleep quality may be associated with smartphone overuse. Such overuse may lead to depression and/or anxiety, which can in turn result in sleep problems. University students with high depression and anxiety scores should be carefully monitored for smartphone addiction.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            Cell-Phone Addiction: A Review

            We present a review of the studies that have been published about addiction to cell phones. We analyze the concept of cell-phone addiction as well as its prevalence, study methodologies, psychological features, and associated psychiatric comorbidities. Research in this field has generally evolved from a global view of the cell phone as a device to its analysis via applications and contents. The diversity of criteria and methodological approaches that have been used is notable, as is a certain lack of conceptual delimitation that has resulted in a broad spread of prevalent data. There is a consensus about the existence of cell-phone addiction, but the delimitation and criteria used by various researchers vary. Cell-phone addiction shows a distinct user profile that differentiates it from Internet addiction. Without evidence pointing to the influence of cultural level and socioeconomic status, the pattern of abuse is greatest among young people, primarily females. Intercultural and geographical differences have not been sufficiently studied. The problematic use of cell phones has been associated with personality variables, such as extraversion, neuroticism, self-esteem, impulsivity, self-identity, and self-image. Similarly, sleep disturbance, anxiety, stress, and, to a lesser extent, depression, which are also associated with Internet abuse, have been associated with problematic cell-phone use. In addition, the present review reveals the coexistence relationship between problematic cell-phone use and substance use such as tobacco and alcohol.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              The Time Famine: Toward a Sociology of Work Time

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Behav Addict
                J Behav Addict
                jba
                JBA
                Journal of Behavioral Addictions
                Akadémiai Kiadó (Budapest )
                2062-5871
                2063-5303
                16 August 2019
                September 2019
                : 8
                : 3
                : 395-403
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Rutgers Business School, Rutgers University , Piscataway, NJ, USA
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author: Terri R. Kurtzberg; Rutgers Business School, Rutgers University, 100 Rockafeller Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Phone: +1 848 445 4458; Fax: +1 732 445 6987; E-mail: tk@ 123456business.rutgers.edu
                Article
                10.1556/2006.8.2019.21
                7044622
                31418586
                db272f0f-97ab-4481-9b6e-8d914857cc73
                © 2019 The Author(s)

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author and source are credited, a link to the CC License is provided, and changes – if any – are indicated.

                History
                : 07 November 2018
                : 25 March 2019
                : 07 April 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 6, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 9
                Funding
                Funding sources: None.
                Categories
                Full-Length Report

                cell phone addiction,breaks,cognitive resources
                cell phone addiction, breaks, cognitive resources

                Comments

                Comment on this article