Intravitreal bevacizumab administration for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection on chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods

In this prospective interventional case series, a total of 22 eyes of 22 patients, diagnosed with unresolved CSC for three months or longer, received 1.25 mg IVB injection. Also, in case of failure to achieve success parameters, double dose IVB injections continued in order to reach the complete subretinal fluid (SRF) absorption. A complete ophthalmic assessment was carried out one day, one week, and one-month post-injection, and then a monthly visit was performed, and re-injection was done if needed. Visual acuity, subretinal space volume (SSV), central macular thickness (CMT), and contrast sensitivity were measured and compared among baseline values and final post-treatment values.

Results

The mean best corrected visual acuity increased significantly from 0.70 ± 0.22 to 0.17 ± 0.15 logMAR ( P <0.001), and the CMT showed a significant reduction from 557.36 ± 129.12 to 259.50 ± 116.73 μm ( P <0.001 ). In addition, SSV decreased significantly from 10.53 ± 2.03 to 6.63 ± 1.80 ( P = 0.001), and contrast sensitivity improved significantly from 13.8182 ± 2.64820 dB to 17.6818 ± 1.80967 dB ( P <0.001).

Conclusion

In this series, SRF absorption occurred and visual acuity improved after IVB injections, however, further comparative studies are needed to show the effect of IVB in chronic CSC.

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Most cited references 42

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Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Yutaka Imamura, Takamitsu Fujiwara, Ron Margolis … (2009)

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the choroidal thickness in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy, a disease attributed to increased choroidal vascular hyperpermeability. Patients with central serous chorioretinopathy underwent enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, which was obtained by positioning a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device close enough to the eye to acquire an inverted image. Seven sections, each comprising 100 averaged scans, were obtained within a 5 degrees x 30 degrees rectangle to encompass the macula. The subfoveal choroidal thickness was measured from the outer border of the retinal pigment epithelium to the inner scleral border. The mean age of subjects undergoing enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was 59.3 years (standard deviation, 15.8 years). Seventeen of 19 patients (89.5%) were men, and 12 (63.2%) patients had bilateral clinical disease. The choroidal thickness measured in 28 eligible eyes of the 19 patients was 505 microm (standard deviation, 124 microm), which was significantly greater than the choroidal thickness in normal eyes (P < or = 0.001). Enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography demonstrated a very thick choroid in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy. This finding provides additional evidence that central serous chorioretinopathy may be caused by increased hydrostatic pressure in the choroid.

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Central serous chorioretinopathy.

Maria Wang, Inger Munch, Pascal Hasler … (2008)

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a disease of the retina characterized by serous detachment of the neurosensory retina secondary to one or more focal lesions of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). CSC occurs most frequently in mid-life and more often in men than in women. Major symptoms are blurred vision, usually in one eye only and perceived typically by the patient as a dark spot in the centre of the visual field with associated micropsia and metamorphopsia. Normal vision often recurs spontaneously within a few months. The condition can be precipitated by psychosocial stress and hypercortisolism. Ophthalmoscopic signs of CSC range from mono- or paucifocal RPE lesions with prominent elevation of the neurosensory retina by clear fluid - typical of cases of recent onset - to shallow detachments overlying large patches of irregularly depigmented RPE. The spectrum of lesions includes RPE detachments. Granular or fibrinous material may accumulate in the subretinal cavity. Serous detachment often resolves spontaneously. From first contact, counselling about the potential relation to stress and glucocorticoid medication is warranted. After 3 months without resolution of acute CSC or in chronic CSC, treatment should be considered. Resolution of detachment can usually be achieved in acute CSC by focal photocoagulation of leaking RPE lesions or, in chronic CSC, by photodynamic therapy. The effect of therapy on long-term visual outcome is insufficiently documented. Reattachment within 4 months of onset is considered a relevant therapeutic target because prolonged detachment is associated with photoreceptor atrophy. This suggests that the value of treatment depends upon proper selection of cases that will not resolve without therapy. Chronic CSC may be difficult to differentiate from occult choroidal neovascularization secondary to CSC. Patients with chronic CSC who receive glucocorticoid treatment for systemic disease can often be managed without having to discontinue this medication.

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Subfoveal choroidal thickness after treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy.

Ichiro Maruko, Tomohiro Iida, Yukinori Sugano … (2010)

To evaluate the subfoveal choroidal thickness after treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) visualized by enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI OCT) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Retrospective, comparative series. Twenty patients (20 eyes). The subfoveal choroidal thickness and height of the serous retinal detachment before and after treatment was measured using EDI OCT. Areas of choroidal vascular hyperpermeability were visualized with ICGA. Eyes with classic CSC were treated with laser photocoagulation (LP), whereas eyes with chronic CSC, which are not amenable to LP, were treated with half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT). Change in choroidal thickness and height of the serous retinal detachment after treatment. There were 12 eyes in the LP group and 8 eyes in the PDT group. The serous subretinal fluid resolved in both groups after treatment. In the LP group, the mean choroidal thickness was 345+/-127 microm at baseline and 340+/-124 microm at 4 weeks, a difference that was not significant (P = 0.2). The mean choroidal thickness in the PDT group increased significantly from 389+/-106 microm at baseline to 462+/-124 microm (P = 0.008) by 2 days after treatment, and then reduced rapidly to 360+/-100 microm (P = 0.001) at 1 week and 330+/-103 microm (P<0.001) after 4 weeks as compared with baseline. Indocyanine green angiography showed decreased hyperpermeability in the PDT group after treatment. The subretinal fluid resolved in both disease groups; however, the choroidal thickness and hyperpermeability seen during ICGA was reduced after PDT. These findings suggest that PDT reduces the choroidal vascular hyperpermeability seen in CSC and may work by a different mechanism than LP. Copyright © 2010 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Hamidreza Torabi

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Curr Ophthalmol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Curr Ophthalmol

Title: Journal of Current Ophthalmology

Publisher: Elsevier

ISSN (Electronic): 2452-2325

Publication date PMC-release: 17 July 2019

Publication date Collection: December 2019

Publication date (Electronic): 17 July 2019

Volume: 31

Issue: 4

Pages: 406-410

Affiliations

[a ]Department of Ophthalmology, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

[b ]Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

[c ]Vision Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

Author notes

[∗ ]Corresponding author. Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Mollasadra Street, Vanak square, Tehran, Iran. Dr_Hamidrezatorabi@ 123456yahoo.com

Article

Publisher ID: S2452-2325(18)30264-6

DOI: 10.1016/j.joco.2019.06.006

PMC ID: 6896463

SO-VID: dbb56d7a-029e-4b3b-a50e-d7705e69afbd

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

History

Date received : 5 November 2018

Date revision received : 8 June 2019

Date accepted : 29 June 2019

Intravitreal bevacizumab administration for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy

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Most cited references 42

Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Central serous chorioretinopathy.

Subfoveal choroidal thickness after treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy.

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