8
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Schema Representation in Patients with Ventromedial PFC Lesions

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Human neuroimaging and animal studies have recently implicated the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in memory schema, particularly in facilitating new encoding by existing schemas. In humans, the most conspicuous memory disorder following vmPFC damage is confabulation; strategic retrieval models suggest that aberrant schema activation or reinstatement plays a role in confabulation. This raises the possibility that beyond its role in schema-supported memory encoding, the vmPFC is also implicated in schema reinstatement itself. If that is the case, vmPFC lesions should lead to impaired schema-based operations, even on tasks that do not involve memory acquisition. To test this prediction, ten patients with vmPFC damage, four with present or prior confabulation, and a group of twelve matched healthy controls made speeded yes/no decisions as to whether words were closely related to a schema (a visit to the doctor). Ten minutes later, they repeated the task for a new schema (going to bed) with some words related to the first schema included as lures. Last, they rated the degree to which stimuli were related to the second schema. All four vmPFC patients with present or prior confabulation were impaired in rejecting lures and in classifying stimulus belongingness to the schema, even when they were not lures. Nonconfabulating patients performed comparably to healthy adults with high accuracy, comparable reaction times, and similar ratings. These results show for the first time that damage to the human vmPFC, when associated with confabulation, leads to deficient schema reinstatement, which is likely a prerequisite for schema-mediated memory integration.

          Related collections

          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Neurosci
          J. Neurosci
          jneuro
          jneurosci
          J. Neurosci
          The Journal of Neuroscience
          Society for Neuroscience
          0270-6474
          1529-2401
          3 September 2014
          : 34
          : 36
          : 12057-12070
          Affiliations
          [1] 1University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada,
          [2] 2Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada,
          [3] 3Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2A2, Canada, and
          [4] 4Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 5Z3, Canada
          Author notes
          Correspondence should be addressed to Dr Asaf Gilboa, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON M6A 2E1, Canada. agilboa@ 123456research.baycrest.org

          Author contributions: V.E.G., M.M., and A.G. designed research; V.E.G. and B.M.C. performed research; V.E.G. and A.G. analyzed data; V.E.G., M.M., B.M.C., and A.G. wrote the paper.

          Article
          PMC6608465 PMC6608465 6608465 0740-14
          10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0740-14.2014
          6608465
          25186751
          dbba1162-f766-49b9-be0a-54670b23a854
          Copyright © 2014 the authors 0270-6474/14/3412057-14$15.00/0
          History
          : 21 February 2014
          : 21 July 2014
          : 24 July 2014
          Categories
          Articles
          Behavioral/Cognitive

          subgenual anterior cingulate,confabulation,lesion study,schema,ventromedial prefrontal cortex

          Comments

          Comment on this article