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      Effect of biofilm formation, and biocorrosion on denture base fractures

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          Abstract

          PURPOSE

          The aim of this study was to investigate the destructive effects of biofilm formation and/or biocorrosive activity of 6 different oral microorganisms.

          MATERIALS AND METHODS

          Three different heat polymerized acrylic resins (Ivocap Plus, Lucitone 550, QC 20) were used to prepare three different types of samples. Type "A" samples with "V" type notch was used to measure the fracture strength, "B" type to evaluate the surfaces with scanning electron microscopy and "C" type for quantitative biofilm assay. Development and calculation of biofilm covered surfaces on denture base materials were accomplished by SEM and quantitative biofilm assay. According to normality assumptions ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis was selected for statistical analysis (α=0.05).

          RESULTS

          Significant differences were obtained among the adhesion potential of 6 different microorganisms and there were significant differences among their adhesion onto 3 different denture base materials. Compared to the control groups after contamination with the microorganisms, the three point bending test values of denture base materials decreased significantly ( P<.05); microorganisms diffused at least 52% of the denture base surface. The highest median quantitative biofilm value within all the denture base materials was obtained with P. aeruginosa on Lucitone 550. The type of denture base material did not alter the diffusion potential of the microorganisms significantly ( P>.05).

          CONCLUSION

          All the tested microorganisms had destructive effect over the structure and composition of the denture base materials.

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          Adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of staphylococci to medical devices.

          G Christensen, W Simpson, J Younger … (1985)
          The adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to smooth surfaces was assayed by measuring the optical densities of stained bacterial films adherent to the floors of plastic tissue culture plates. The optical densities correlated with the weight of the adherent bacterial film (r = 0.906; P less than 0.01). The measurements also agreed with visual assessments of bacterial adherence to culture tubes, microtiter plates, and tissue culture plates. Selected clinical strains were passed through a mouse model for foreign body infections and a rat model for catheter-induced endocarditis. The adherence measurements of animal passed strains remained the same as those of the laboratory-maintained parent strain. Spectrophotometric classification of coagulase-negative staphylococci into nonadherent and adherent categories according to these measurements had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 90.6, 80.8, and 88.4%, respectively. We examined a previously described collection of 127 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from an outbreak of intravascular catheter-associated sepsis; strains associated with sepsis were more adherent than blood culture contaminants and cutaneous strains (P less than 0.001). We also examined a collection of 84 strains isolated from pediatric patients with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts; once again, pathogenic strains were more adherent than were CSF contaminants (P less than 0.01). Finally, we measured the adherence of seven endocarditis strains. As opposed to strains associated with intravascular catheters and CSF shunts, endocarditis strains were less adherent than were saprophytic strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci. The optical densities of bacterial films adherent to plastic tissue culture plates serve as a quantitative model for the study of the adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to medical devices, a process which may be important in the pathogenesis of foreign body infections.
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            Retention of Candida albicans on acrylic resin and silicone of different surface topography.

            Joanna Verran, Christopher J. Maryan (1997)
            The adhesion of microorganisms to a denture surface is a prerequisite for colonization. This study compared the retention of Candida albicans on smooth and rough acrylic resin and silicone surfaces after a washing procedure to determine the effect of surface roughness on prosthesis infection and hygiene. Standardized cell suspensions of C. albicans were incubated with smooth and rough acrylic resin and silicone surfaces for 1 hour at 24 degrees C. After washing, cells that had been retained on the surface were stained with acridine orange and examined with incident beam fluorescent microscopy. There was no significant difference in cell numbers on either of the smooth surfaces. Significantly higher numbers of cells (p > 0.0005) were observed on roughened surfaces (silicone > acrylic resin) than on smooth surfaces. The fitting surface of the maxillary denture was not polished. Silicones used in prostheses were processed against dental stone. The resultant surface roughness may facilitate microbial retention and infection and should therefore be kept to a minimum.
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              Microbiologically influenced corrosion of 304 stainless steel by aerobic Pseudomonas NCIMB 2021 bacteria: AFM and XPS study.

              S Pehkonen, Julie Yuan (2007)
              Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of stainless steel 304 by a marine aerobic Pseudomonas bacterium in a seawater-based medium was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). AFM was used to observe in situ the proliferation of a sessile Pseudomonas cell by binary fission. The development of a biofilm on the coupon surface and the extent of corrosion damage beneath the biofilm after various exposure times were also characterized by AFM. Results showed that the biofilm formed on the coupon surface increased in thickness and heterogeneity with time, and thus resulting in the occurrence of extensive micro-pitting corrosion; whilst the depth of pits increased linearly with time. The XPS results confirmed that the colonization of Pseudomonas bacteria on the coupon surface induced subtle changes in the alloy elemental composition in the outermost layer of surface films. The most significant feature resulting from microbial colonization on the coupon surface was the depletion of iron (Fe) and the enrichment of chromium (Cr) content as compared to a control coupon exposed to the sterile medium, and the enrichment of Cr increased with time. These compositional changes in the main alloying elements may be correlated with the occurrence of extensive micropitting corrosion on the surface.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Adv Prosthodont
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Adv Prosthodont
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JAP
                Title: The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
                Publisher: The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
                ISSN (Print): 2005-7806
                ISSN (Electronic): 2005-7814
                Publication date (Print): May 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 May 2013
                Volume: 5
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 140-146
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Health Services, Dental Prosthetics Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
                [2 ]School of Health Services, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
                [3 ]Department of Prosthodontics, Center for Dental Sciences, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
                [4 ]Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
                [5 ]School of Health Services, Dental Prosthetics Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Cem Sahin. School of Health Services, Dental Prosthetics Technology, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye 06100, Ankara, Turkey. Tel. 905053353092: drcemsahin@ 123456yahoo.com
                Article
                DOI: 10.4047/jap.2013.5.2.140
                PMC ID: 3675286
                PubMed ID: 23755339
                SO-VID: dbbd2287-65e5-4706-8b54-c4952daf43b2
                Copyright © © 2013 The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 27 November 2012
                Date revision received : 16 April 2013
                Date accepted : 23 April 2013
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: biocorrosion,microorganisms,biofilm,denture base fractures
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: biocorrosion, microorganisms, biofilm, denture base fractures

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