25
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Detection of Multiple Cracks in Four-Point Bending Tests Using the Coda Wave Interferometry Method

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The enlargement of the cracks outside the permitted dimension is one of the main causes for the reduction of service life of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures. Cracks can develop due to many causes such as dynamic or static load. When tensile stress exceeds the tensile strength of RC, cracks appear. Traditional techniques have limitations in early stage damage detection and localisation, especially on large-scale structures. The ultrasonic Coda Wave Interferometry (CWI) method using diffuse waves is one of the most promising methods to detect subtle changes in heterogeneous materials, such as concrete. In this paper, the assessment of the CWI method applied for multiple cracks opening detection on two specimens based on four-point bending test is presented. Both beams were monitored using a limited number of embedded Ultrasonic (US) transducers as well as other transducers and techniques (e.g., Digital Image Correlation (DIC), LVDT sensors, strain gauges, and Fiber Optics Sensor (FOS)). Results show that strain change and crack formation are successfully and efficiently detected by CWI method even earlier than by the other techniques. The CWI technique using embedded US transducers is undoubtedly a feasible, efficient, and promising method for long-term monitoring on real infrastructure.

          Related collections

          Most cited references30

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Coda wave interferometry for estimating nonlinear behavior in seismic velocity.

          In coda wave interferometry, one records multiply scattered waves at a limited number of receivers to infer changes in the medium over time. With this technique, we have determined the nonlinear dependence of the seismic velocity in granite on temperature and the associated acoustic emissions. This technique can be used in warning mode, to detect the presence of temporal changes in the medium, or in diagnostic mode, where the temporal change in the medium is quantified.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Acoustic emission monitoring of bridges: Review and case studies

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Compressive strength evaluation of structural lightweight concrete by non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity method.

              In this paper the compressive strength of a wide range of structural lightweight aggregate concrete mixes is evaluated by the non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity method. This study involves about 84 different compositions tested between 3 and 180 days for compressive strengths ranging from about 30 to 80 MPa. The influence of several factors on the relation between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength is examined. These factors include the cement type and content, amount of water, type of admixture, initial wetting conditions, type and volume of aggregate and the partial replacement of normal weight coarse and fine aggregates by lightweight aggregates. It is found that lightweight and normal weight concretes are affected differently by mix design parameters. In addition, the prediction of the concrete's compressive strength by means of the non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity test is studied. Based on the dependence of the ultrasonic pulse velocity on the density and elasticity of concrete, a simplified expression is proposed to estimate the compressive strength, regardless the type of concrete and its composition. More than 200 results for different types of aggregates and concrete compositions were analyzed and high correlation coefficients were obtained. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Sensors (Basel)
                Sensors (Basel)
                sensors
                Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
                MDPI
                1424-8220
                02 April 2020
                April 2020
                : 20
                : 7
                : 1986
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany; ernst.niederleithinger@ 123456bam.de
                [2 ]Research and development department, NeoStrain Sp. z o.o, Lipowa 3, 30-702 Krakow, Poland; joyraj@ 123456neostrain.pl
                [3 ]IFSTTAR, COSYS-SII, Route de Bouaye, F-44344 Bouguenais, France
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: xin.wang@ 123456bam.de
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-1277
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2501-2249
                Article
                sensors-20-01986
                10.3390/s20071986
                7180998
                32252283
                dbe71d02-b14b-4c1c-8180-0cb8d22ea625
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 10 February 2020
                : 31 March 2020
                Categories
                Article

                Biomedical engineering
                coda wave interferometry,reinforced concrete,cracks,shm,damage detection
                Biomedical engineering
                coda wave interferometry, reinforced concrete, cracks, shm, damage detection

                Comments

                Comment on this article