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      Mechanisms of oxidative stress in plants: From classical chemistry to cell biology

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      Journal: Environmental and Experimental Botany
      Publisher: Elsevier BV

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          LXXIII.—Oxidation of tartaric acid in presence of iron

          H. J. H. Fenton (1894)
          Article 0 comments Cited 493 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase regulate plant cell growth.

            Julia Foreman, Vadim Demidchik, John H F Bothwell … (2003)
            Cell expansion is a central process in plant morphogenesis, and the elongation of roots and root hairs is essential for uptake of minerals and water from the soil. Ca2+ influx from the extracellular store is required for (and sets the rates of) cell elongation in roots. Arabidopsis thaliana rhd2 mutants are defective in Ca2+ uptake and consequently cell expansion is compromised--rhd2 mutants have short root hairs and stunted roots. To determine the regulation of Ca2+ acquisition in growing root cells we show here that RHD2 is an NADPH oxidase, a protein that transfers electrons from NADPH to an electron acceptor leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We show that ROS accumulate in growing wild-type (WT) root hairs but their levels are markedly decreased in rhd2 mutants. Blocking the activity of the NADPH oxidase with diphenylene iodonium (DPI) inhibits ROS formation and phenocopies Rhd2-. Treatment of rhd2 roots with ROS partly suppresses the mutant phenotype and stimulates the activity of plasma membrane hyperpolarization-activated Ca2+ channels, the predominant root Ca2+ acquisition system. This indicates that NADPH oxidases control development by making ROS that regulate plant cell expansion through the activation of Ca2+ channels.
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              Arabidopsis gp91phox homologues AtrbohD and AtrbohF are required for accumulation of reactive oxygen intermediates in the plant defense response.

              Miguel Ángel Torres, Jeffery Dangl, Jonathan D G Jones … (2002)
              Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) are strongly associated with plant defense responses. The origin of these ROI has been controversial. Arabidopsis respiratory burst oxidase homologues (rboh genes) have been proposed to play a role in ROI generation. We analyzed lines carrying dSpm insertions in the highly expressed AtrbohD and AtrbohF genes. Both are required for full ROI production observed during incompatible interactions with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000(avrRpm1) and the oomycete parasite Peronospora parasitica. We also observed reduced cell death, visualized by trypan blue stain and reduced electrolyte leakage, in the Atrboh mutants after DC3000(avrRpm1) inoculation. However, enhanced cell death is observed after infection of mutant lines with P. parasitica. Paradoxically, although atrbohD mutation eliminated the majority of total ROI production, atrbohF mutation exhibited the strongest effect on cell death.
              Article 0 comments Cited 397 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Environmental and Experimental Botany
                Abbreviated Title: Environmental and Experimental Botany
                Publisher: Elsevier BV
                ISSN (Print): 00988472
                Publication date Created: January 2015
                Publication date (Print): January 2015
                Volume: 109
                Issue:
                Pages: 212-228
                Article
                DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2014.06.021
                SO-VID: dc2a93c3-bd55-453a-9440-36d5f0d3b66d
                Copyright © © 2015
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