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      Insulin decreases isoflurane minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration in rats independently of an effect on the spinal cord.

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          Abstract

          The observation that insulin supplies an element of analgesia suggests that insulin administration might decrease the concentration of inhaled anesthetic required to produce MAC (the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration required to eliminate movement in response to noxious stimulation in 50% of subjects). We hypothesized that insulin decreases MAC by directly affecting the nervous system, by decreasing blood glucose, or both. To test these hypotheses, we infused increasing doses of insulin either intrathecally or IV in rats anesthetized with isoflurane and determined the resulting MAC change (assessing forelimb and hindlimb movement separately). Infusion of insulin produced a dose-related decrease in MAC that did not differ among groups. That is, the IV and intrathecal infusions caused similar decreases in MAC at a given infusion rate. Blood glucose concentrations were larger in the rats given insulin with 5% dextrose. However, the percentage change in MAC determined from forelimb versus hindlimb movement did not differ. For a given insulin infusion rate, MAC changes and glucose levels did not correlate with each other, except, possibly, for the most rapid infusion rate, for which smaller glucose concentrations were associated with a marginally larger decrease in MAC. Intrathecal infusions of insulin did not produce spinal cord injury. In summary, we found that insulin decreases isoflurane MAC in a dose-related manner independently of its effects on the blood concentration of glucose. The sites at which insulin acts to decrease MAC appear to be supraspinal rather than spinal. The effect may be due to a capacity of insulin to produce analgesia through an action on one or more neurotransmitter receptors.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Anesth Analg
          Anesthesia and analgesia
          Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
          0003-2999
          0003-2999
          Jun 2004
          : 98
          : 6
          Affiliations
          [1 ] *Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, California; and †Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
          Article
          00000539-200406000-00037
          10.1213/01.ANE.0000113550.47942.47
          15155333
          dc382a6f-00da-404f-9692-9774fea0e222
          History

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