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      Taxonomic study of Hoplias microlepis (Günther, 1864), a trans-Andean species of trahiras (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Erythrinidae)

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          Abstract

          The Hoplias malabaricus species group represents one of the most complexes taxonomical problems in the systematics of Neotropical fishes, including specimens widely distributed in most drainages of South America and part of Central America with great variation or overlap of putative diagnostic characters. The large number of nominal species, many of which without known type material, renders the problem more complicated. Currently, at least three nominal species can be included in the Hopliasmalabaricusspecies group based on the form of the medial margins of dentaries and presence of tooth plates on the tongue: Hoplias malabaricus, H. teres, and H. microlepis, the latter representing the only exclusively trans-Andean known species of the genus. We present herein a taxonomic study of Hoplias microlepis based on examination of syntypes and recently collected specimens, including a redescription of the species. Hoplias microlepisoccurs in the Pacific drainages of Panama and Southwestern Costa Rica, in addition to the río Guayas basin in Ecuador and the region near its mouth (río Tumbes, Northwestern Peru). Records of the species on the Atlantic coast of Panama are restricted to the Canal Zone, suggesting dispersal through the Panama Canal. We also designate lectotype and paralectotypes.

          Translated abstract

          O grupo de espécies Hoplias malabaricus representa um dos problemas taxonômicos mais complexos na sistemática de peixes Neotropicais, com ampla distribuição em quase todas as bacias da América do Sul e parte da América Central e grande variação ou sobreposição de prováveis caracteres diagnósticos. O grande número de espécies nominais, muitas delas sem material-tipo conhecido, é um fator complicador nessa questão. Atualmente, pelo menos três espécies nominais podem ser incluídas no grupo de espécies Hopliasmalabaricus, com base no formato das margens mediais dos dentários e presença de dentes na língua: Hoplias malabaricus, H. terese H. microlepis, a última sendo a única espécie exclusivamente trans-andina do gênero conhecida até o momento. Apresentamos aqui um estudo taxonômico de Hoplias microlepis, com exame dos síntipos e exemplares coletados mais recentemente, incluindo uma redescrição da espécie. Hoplias microlepisdistribui-se nas bacias da costa Pacífica do Panamá e sudoeste da Costa Rica, além da bacia do río Guayas no Equador e região próxima à sua foz (río Tumbes, noroeste do Peru). Registros da espécie na costa Atlântica do Panamá são restritos à Zona do Canal, sugerindo dispersão através do Canal do Panamá. São designados também lectótipo e paralectótipos.

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          Most cited references56

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          Characids of the World

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            International code of zoological nomenclature = Code international de nomenclature zoologique /

            W. RIDE (1999)
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              The osteology of Brycon meeki, a generalized characid fish, with an osteological definition of the family

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ni
                Neotropical Ichthyology
                Neotrop. ichthyol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia (Maringá )
                1982-0224
                June 2014
                : 12
                : 2
                : 343-352
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de São Carlos Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S1679-62252014000200343
                10.1590/1982-0224-20130174
                dc8fbf6d-bcff-4f29-920a-2daa9c28b8d7

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1679-6225&lng=en
                Categories
                ZOOLOGY

                Animal science & Zoology
                Central America,Hoplias malabaricus species group,Taxonomy,Trans-Andean distribution,Wolf fish

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