Growth curves for Turkish Girls with Turner Syndrome: Results of the Turkish Turner Syndrome Study Group

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Abstract

Objective:

Children with Turner syndrome (TS) have a specific growth pattern that is quite different from that of healthy children. Many countries have population-specific growth charts for TS. Considering national and ethnic differences, we undertook this multicenter collaborative study to construct growth charts and reference values for height, weight and body mass index (BMI) from 3 years of age to adulthood for spontaneous growth of Turkish girls with TS.

Methods:

Cross-sectional height and weight data of 842 patients with TS, younger than 18 years of age and before starting any therapy, were evaluated.

Results:

The data were processed to calculate the 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 97th percentile values for defined ages and to construct growth curves for height-for-age, weight-for-age and BMI-for-age of girls with TS. The growth pattern of TS girls in this series resembled the growth pattern of TS girls in other reports, but there were differences in height between our series and the others.

Conclusion:

This study provides disease-specific growth charts for Turkish girls with TS. These disease-specific national growth charts will serve to improve the evaluation of growth and its management with growth-promoting therapeutic agents in TS patients.

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Most cited references 35

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Growth curve for girls with Turner syndrome.

Jennifer Lyon, M Preece, Alison D. Grant (1985)

A growth chart for girls with Turner syndrome has been prepared using data from four published series of European patients, and evaluated using retrospective data on the heights of girls with Turner syndrome seen at this hospital. The results indicate that calculation of height standard deviation score from this chart allows a reasonable prediction of adult stature in any patient with Turner syndrome. In addition, the results indicate that while oestrogen treatment causes an initial acceleration of growth, it has no significant effect on adult height.

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Turner syndrome: spontaneous growth in 150 cases and review of the literature.

H Pflüger, M Ranke, F Majewski … (1983)

The spontaneous growth of 150 patients with Turner syndrome from three German centers--90 with 45,X0 constitution, 60 with other chromosomal abnormalities--has been analyzed. The mean adult height was found to be (n = 14) 146.8 cm. It was observed that growth in these patients can be divided into four phases: (1) Intrauterine growth, which is retarded; (2) Height development, which is normal up to a bone-age of about 2 years; (3) Between a bone-age of 2 and 11 years when stunting of growth is most marked; (4) After a bone-age of 11 years--the time at which puberty should normally start--the growth phase is prolonged, but total height gain is only little below normal levels. No difference in height could be observed between cases with X0 karyotype and other chromosomal variants. The data are compared with those in the literature.

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Turner syndrome and clinical treatment.

Britta Hjerrild, K Mortensen, Claus Gravholt (2007)

Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder associated with abnormalities of the X chromosome, occurring in about 50 per 100,000 liveborn girls. TS is usually associated with reduced adult height, gonadal dysgenesis and thus insufficient circulating levels of female sex steroids leading to premature ovarian failure and infertility. The average intellectual performance is within the normal range. New insight into genetics, epidemiology, cardiology, endocrinology and metabolism from a number of recent studies will be included in this review. For this review we concentrated on all papers published on TS with special emphasis on the most recent literature. Also papers relating to cardiology, especially aortic dissection, paediatrics and the effects of estradiol in other conditions were considered. The main source was PubMed and the major endocrinology and cardiology journals. Treatment with growth hormone (GH) during childhood and adolescence allows a considerable gain in adult height. SHOX deficiency explains some of the phenotypic characteristics in TS, principally short stature. Puberty has to be induced in most cases, and female sex hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is given during adult years. Morbidity and mortality is increased, especially due to the risk of dissection of the aorta and other cardiovascular (CV) diseases, as well as the risk of type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis and thyroid disease. The proper dose of HRT with female sex steroids has not been established, and, likewise, benefits and/or drawbacks from HRT have not been thoroughly evaluated. In most countries it seems that the transition period from paediatric to adult care is especially vulnerable and the proper framework for transition has not been established. Today, most treatment recommendations are based on expert opinion and are unfortunately not evidence based, although more areas, such as GH treatment for increasing height, are well founded. The description of adult life with TS has been broadened and medical, social and psychological aspects are being added at a compelling pace. Proper care during adulthood should be studied, since most morbidity potentially is amenable to proper care. Especially, interventional strategy and follow-up with respect to congenital CV malformations, as well as secondary CV disease, have to be developed and new treatment algorithms have to be studied. In summary, TS is a condition associated with a number of diseases and conditions, which need the attention of a multi-disciplinary team.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol

Journal ID (publisher-id): JCRPE

Title: Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology

Publisher: Galenos Publishing

ISSN (Print): 1308-5727

ISSN (Electronic): 1308-5735

Publication date (Print): September 2015

Publication date (Electronic): 31 August 2015

Volume: 7

Issue: 3

Pages: 183-191

Affiliations

[1 ] İstanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey

[2 ] Gülhane Military Medicine Academy, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey

[3 ] Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey

[4 ] Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey

[5 ] Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey

[6 ] Konya Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Konya, Turkey

[7 ] On Dokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Samsun, Turkey

[8 ] Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kayseri, Turkey

[9 ] Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey

[10 ] Inönü University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Malatya, Turkey

[11 ] Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Konya, Turkey

[12 ] Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey

[13 ] Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey

[14 ] Dr. Behçet Uz Children Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey

[15 ] Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Denizli, Turkey

[16 ] Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Erzurum, Turkey

[17 ] Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Manisa, Turkey

[18 ] Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Van, Turkey

[19 ] Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Şanlıurfa, Turkey

[20 ] Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Bursa, Turkey

[21 ] Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Adana, Turkey

[22 ] İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İstanbul, Turkey

[23 ] Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kocaeli, Turkey

[24 ] Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Eskişehir, Turkey

[25 ] Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Trabzon, Turkey

[26 ] Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey

[27 ] Diyarbakır Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diyarbakır, Turkey

[28 ] Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaziantep, Turkey

[29 ] Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Düzce, Turkey

[30 ] Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Konya, Turkey

[31 ] Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey

[32 ] Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Isparta, Turkey

[33 ] Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology, Kayseri, Turkey

Author notes

* Address for Correspondence: Gülhane Military Medicine Academy, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey Phone: +90 312 304 18 98 E-mail: dredizyesilkaya@ 123456gmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: 1523

DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.2023

PMC ID: 4677552

PubMed ID: 26831551

SO-VID: dce785b5-6b6b-4b5a-acc6-c2c7ea80aafc

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Growth curves for Turkish Girls with Turner Syndrome: Results of the Turkish Turner Syndrome Study Group

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Abstract

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Related collections

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Most cited references 35

Growth curve for girls with Turner syndrome.

Turner syndrome: spontaneous growth in 150 cases and review of the literature.

Turner syndrome and clinical treatment.

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