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      Experiencias del afrontamiento familiar en pacientes con lesión medular Translated title: Experiences of the coping of the family of the spinal cord injury patient

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: La lesión de la médula espinal (LME) es una afección crónica que afecta a la médula espinal y provoca alteraciones motoras, sensoriales y autónomas. Esta patología no solo afecta al paciente, sino que también impone cambios en la familia. Asumir el rol cuidador puede afectar negativamente a la salud de los familiares, ocasionando un mal aFromtamiento de la enfermedad y limitando la provisión de cuidados de calidad. Objetivo: Conocer las experiencias del aFromtamiento familiar en pacientes con LME. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la evidencia de los últimos 10 años en las bases de datos: PubMed, CINAHL y PsycINFO. Resultados: Se incluyeron 14 artículos. Los resultados se presentan en las siguientes categorías: requisitos para ser cuidador familiar, efectos en el cuidador familiar, dificultad de adaptación, cambios de roles, apoyo social y aspectos positivos. Conclusiones: La familia que se enfrenta a la LME experimenta múltiples cambios y dificultades a la hora de aFromtar esta nueva situación. Es necesaria la comprensión de dichas experiencias para desarrollar intervenciones destinadas a abordar las necesidades de los cuidadores familiares, promoviendo así el aFromtamiento positivo de la enfermedad.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a chronic condition that affects the spinal cord and causes alterations in motor, sensory and autonomic function. This pathology does not affect only the patient, but also imposes changes on the family unit. Assuming the role of a caregiver can negatively affect the health of family members, causing poor coping of the disease and limiting the provision of quality care. Objective: Know about the coping experiences of the families of patients with SCI. Material and Methods: A narrative review of the evidence available in the last 10 years was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO. Results: 14 articles were included. The following categories emerged: requirements to be a family caregiver, effects on the caregiver, adaptation difficulty, role changes, social support, and positive aspects. Conclusions: Families of patients with SCI experience multiple changes and difficulties when coping with this new situation. Understanding these experiences is necessary to develop interventions aimed to address the needs of family caregivers and thus promoting positive coping with the disease.

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          Global prevalence and incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury

          Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic event that impacts a patient’s physical, psychological, and social well-being and places substantial financial burden on health care systems. To determine the true impact of SCI, this systematic review aims to summarize literature reporting on either the incidence or prevalence of SCI. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, MEDLINE in process, EMBASE, Cochrane Controlled Trial Register, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to identify relevant literature published through June 2013. We sought studies that provided regional, provincial/state, or national data on the incidence of SCI or reported estimates of disease prevalence. The level of evidence of each study was rated using a scale that evaluated study design, methodology, sampling bias, and precision of estimates. Results The initial search yielded 5,874 articles, 48 of which met the inclusion criteria. Forty-four studies estimated the incidence of SCI and nine reported the prevalence, with five discussing both. Of the incidence studies, 14 provided figures at a regional, ten at a state or provincial level and 21 at a national level. The prevalence of SCI was highest in the United States of America (906 per million) and lowest in the Rhone-Alpes region, France (250 per million) and Helsinki, Finland (280 per million). With respect to states and provinces in North America, the crude annual incidence of SCI was highest in Alaska (83 per million) and Mississippi (77 per million) and lowest in Alabama (29.4 per million), despite a large percentage of violence injuries (21.2%). Annual incidences were above 50 per million in the Hualien County in Taiwan (56.1 per million), the central Portugal region (58 per million), and Olmsted County in Minnesota (54.8 per million) and were lower than 20 per million in Taipei, Taiwan (14.6 per million), the Rhone-Alpes region in France (12.7 per million), Aragon, Spain (12.1 per million), Southeast Turkey (16.9 per million), and Stockholm, Sweden (19.5 per million). The highest national incidence was 49.1 per million in New Zealand, and the lowest incidences were in Fiji (10.0 per million) and Spain (8.0 per million). The majority of studies showed a high male-to-female ratio and an age of peak incidence of younger than 30 years old. Traffic accidents were typically the most common cause of SCI, followed by falls in the elderly population. Conclusion This review demonstrates that the incidence, prevalence, and causation of SCI differs between developing and developed countries and suggests that management and preventative strategies need to be tailored to regional trends. The rising aging population in westernized countries also indicates that traumatic SCI secondary to falls may become an increasing public health challenge and that incidence among the elderly may rise with increasing life expectancy.
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            Living with chronic illness in adults: a concept analysis.

            To report an analysis of the concept of Living with chronic illness in adults, using Rodger's evolutionary analytical methodology.
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              Role of social support in predicting caregiver burden.

              To examine the unique contribution of social support to burden in caregivers of adults aging with spinal cord injury (SCI). Secondary analyses of cross-sectional data from a large cohort of adults aging with SCI and their primary caregivers. Multiple community locations. Caregivers of community-dwelling adults aging with SCI (n=173) were interviewed as part of a multisite randomized controlled trial. The mean age ± SD of caregivers was 53±15 years and of care-recipients, 55±13 years. Not applicable. The primary outcome was caregiver burden measured with the Abridged Version of the Zarit Burden Interview. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis examined the effects of social supports (social integration, received social support, and negative social interactions) on burden in caregivers of adults aging with SCI while controlling for demographic characteristics and caregiving characteristics. After controlling for demographic characteristics and caregiving characteristics, social integration (β=-.16, P<.05), received social support (β=-.15, P<.05), and negative social interactions (β=.21, P<.01) were significant independent predictors of caregiver burden. Findings demonstrate that social support is an important factor associated with burden in caregivers of adults aging with SCI. Social support should be considered for assessments and interventions designed to identify and reduce caregiver burden. Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ene
                Ene
                Ene.
                Martín Rodríguez Álvaro (Santa Cruz de La Palma, La Palma, Spain )
                1988-348X
                2022
                : 16
                : 3
                : 1428
                Affiliations
                [1] Navarra orgnameUniversidad de Navarra orgdiv1Facultad de Enfermería orgdiv2Hospital Universitario de Navarra Spain
                Article
                S1988-348X2022000300007 S1988-348X(22)01600300007
                dce86baa-3bf3-40cc-b4ab-0305c9a41490

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 July 2022
                : 01 September 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 0
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                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos

                Experiences,AFromtamiento,Lesión Medular,Experiencias,Familia,Coping,Spinal Cord Injury,Family

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