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      A Review on the Recent Progress in Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion

      review-article
      1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , *
      Molecules
      MDPI
      sample preparation, matrix solid phase dispersion, sorbent, miniaturization, on-line

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          Abstract

          Matrix solid phase dispersion (MSPD) has proven to be an efficient sample preparation method for solid, semi-solid, and viscous samples. Applications of MSPD have covered biological, food, and environmental samples, including both organic and inorganic analytes. This review presents an update on the development of MSPD in the period 2015~June 2018. In the first part of this review, we focus on the latest development in MSPD sorbent, including molecularly imprinted polymers, and carbon-based nanomaterials etc. The second part presents the miniaturization of MSPD, discussing the progress in both micro-MSPD and mini-MSPD. The on-line/in-line techniques for improving the automation and sample throughput are also discussed. The final part summarizes the success in the modification of original MSPD procedures.

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          Most cited references61

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          Application of carbon-based nanomaterials in sample preparation: a review.

          In this paper, a broad overview on the applications of different carbon-based nanomaterials, including nanodiamonds, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanocones-disks and nanohorns, as well as their functionalized forms, in sample preparation is provided. Particular attention has been paid to graphene because many papers regarding its application in this research field are becoming available. The distinctive properties, derivatization methods and application techniques of these materials were summarized and compared. According to their research status and perspective, these nanomaterials were classified in four groups (I: graphene and carbon nanotubes; II: carbon nanofibers; III: fullerenes; and IV: nanodiamonds, carbon nanocones/disks and carbon nanohorns) and characteristics and future trends of every group were discussed. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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            Molecularly imprinted polymers for sample preparation and biosensing in food analysis: Progress and perspectives.

            Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are biomimetics which can selectively bind to analytes of interest. One of the most interesting areas where MIPs have shown the biggest potential is food analysis. MIPs have found use as sorbents in sample preparation attributed to the high selectivity and high loading capacity. MIPs have been intensively employed in classical solid-phase extraction and solid-phase microextraction. More recently, MIPs have been combined with magnetic bead extraction, which greatly simplifies sample handling procedures. Studies have consistently shown that MIPs can effectively minimize complex food matrix effects, and improve recoveries and detection limits. In addition to sample preparation, MIPs have also been viewed as promising alternatives to bio-receptors due to the inherent molecular recognition abilities and the high stability in harsh chemical and physical conditions. MIPs have been utilized as receptors in biosensing platforms such as electrochemical, optical and mass biosensors to detect various analytes in food. In this review, we will discuss the current state-of-the-art of MIP synthesis and applications in the context of food analysis. We will highlight the imprinting methods which are applicable for imprinting food templates, summarize the recent progress in using MIPs for preparing and analysing food samples, and discuss the current limitations in the commercialisation of MIPs technology. Finally, future perspectives will be given.
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              Newest applications of molecularly imprinted polymers for extraction of contaminants from environmental and food matrices: A review.

              This paper presents an overview of the recent applications of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) to sample preparation. The review is thought to cover analytical procedures for extraction of contaminants (mainly illegal/noxious organic compounds) from food and environmental matrices, with a particular focus on the various pre-concentration/cleanup techniques, that is offline and online solid-phase extraction (SPE), dispersive SPE (d-SPE), magnetic SPE (MSPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and stir-bar sorptive extraction (SBSE), applied before instrumental quantification. The selectivity and extraction efficiency of MIP-based sorbent phases are critically discussed, also in relation to the physical-chemical properties resulting from the synthetic procedures. A variety of molecularly imprinted sorbents is presented, including hybrid composites embedding carbon nanomaterials and ionic liquids. The analytical performance of MIP materials in sample preparation is commented as function of the complexity of the matrix, and it is compared to that exhibited by (commercial) aspecific and/or immunosorbent phases.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Molecules
                Molecules
                molecules
                Molecules
                MDPI
                1420-3049
                25 October 2018
                November 2018
                : 23
                : 11
                : 2767
                Affiliations
                [1 ]College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; xjtu@ 123456fafu.edu.cn
                [2 ]MOE Engineering Research Center of Bee Products Processing and Application, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: wbchen@ 123456fafu.edu.cn ; Tel.: +86-591-83789482
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3535-9649
                Article
                molecules-23-02767
                10.3390/molecules23112767
                6278504
                30366403
                dcec13a4-25b9-427b-9439-fd2b68bfebb4
                © 2018 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 28 September 2018
                : 24 October 2018
                Categories
                Review

                sample preparation,matrix solid phase dispersion,sorbent,miniaturization,on-line

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