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      Evolution of the Fgf and Fgfr gene families.

      1 ,
      Trends in genetics : TIG
      Elsevier BV

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          Abstract

          Fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) and Fgf receptors (Fgfrs) comprise a signaling system that is conserved throughout metazoan evolution. Twenty-two Fgfs and four Fgfrs have been identified in humans and mice. During evolution, the Fgf family appears to have expanded in two phases. In the first phase, during early metazoan evolution, Fgfs expanded from two or three to six genes by gene duplication. In the second phase, during the evolution of early vertebrates, the Fgf family expanded by two large-scale gen(om)e duplications. By contrast, the Fgfr family has expanded only in the second phase. However, the acquisition of alternative splicing by Fgfrs has increased their functional diversity. The mechanisms that regulate alternative splicing have been conserved since the divergences of echinoderms and vertebrates. The expansion of the Fgf and Fgfr gene families has enabled this signaling system to acquire functional diversity and, therefore, an almost ubiquitous involvement in developmental and physiological processes.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Trends Genet
          Trends in genetics : TIG
          Elsevier BV
          0168-9525
          0168-9525
          Nov 2004
          : 20
          : 11
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yoshida-Shimoadachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. itohnobu@pharm.kyoto-u.ac.jp
          Article
          S0168-9525(04)00241-0
          10.1016/j.tig.2004.08.007
          15475116
          dcec26a0-c104-4b85-b59a-3b88d86027dc
          History

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