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      Recent Trends of Foaming in Polymer Processing: A Review

      review-article
      Author(s): 1 , 1 , 2 , * , 3 , *
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Polymers
      Publisher: MDPI
      Keywords: polymer, foam, foaming process, blowing agent, foaming method

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          Abstract

          Polymer foams have low density, good heat insulation, good sound insulation effects, high specific strength, and high corrosion resistance, and are widely used in civil and industrial applications. In this paper, the classification of polymer foams, principles of the foaming process, types of blowing agents, and raw materials of polymer foams are reviewed. The research progress of various foaming methods and the current problems and possible solutions are discussed in detail.

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          Synthesis of a novel phosphazene-based flame retardant with active amine groups and its application in reducing the fire hazard of Epoxy Resin

          Guang Yang, Wei-Hong wu, Yong-Hui Wang … (2019)
          Article 0 comments Cited 58 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Thermoplastic Processing of PLA/Cellulose Nanomaterials Composites

            T C Mokhena, J. S. Sefadi, E Sadiku … (2018)
            Over the past decades, research has escalated on the use of polylactic acid (PLA) as a replacement for petroleum-based polymers. This is due to its valuable properties, such as renewability, biodegradability, biocompatibility and good thermomechanical properties. Despite possessing good mechanical properties comparable to conventional petroleum-based polymers, PLA suffers from some shortcomings such as low thermal resistance, heat distortion temperature and rate of crystallization, thus different fillers have been used to overcome these limitations. In the framework of environmentally friendly processes and products, there has been growing interest on the use of cellulose nanomaterials viz. cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and nanofibers (CNF) as natural fillers for PLA towards advanced applications other than short-term packaging and biomedical. Cellulosic nanomaterials are renewable in nature, biodegradable, eco-friendly and they possess high strength and stiffness. In the case of eco-friendly processes, various conventional processing techniques, such as melt extrusion, melt-spinning, and compression molding, have been used to produce PLA composites. This review addresses the critical factors in the manufacturing of PLA-cellulosic nanomaterials by using conventional techniques and recent advances needed to promote and improve the dispersion of the cellulosic nanomaterials. Different aspects, including morphology, mechanical behavior and thermal properties, as well as comparisons of CNC- and CNF-reinforced PLA, are also discussed.
            Article 0 comments Cited 35 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Flexible, conductive, and highly pressure-sensitive graphene-polyimide foam for pressure sensor application

              Xiaozhou Lü, Jiayi Yang, Renjie Chen … (2018)
              Article 0 comments Cited 35 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Polymers (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Polymers (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): polymers
                Title: Polymers
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2073-4360
                Publication date (Electronic): 01 June 2019
                Publication date Collection: June 2019
                Volume: 11
                Issue: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: 953
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Polymer Materials, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China; jinfanlong@ 123456163.com (F.-L.J.); namezhaomiao@ 123456sina.com (M.Z.)
                [2 ]Department of Organic Materials & Fiber Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
                [3 ]Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Korea
                Author notes
                Article
                Publisher ID: polymers-11-00953
                DOI: 10.3390/polym11060953
                PMC ID: 6631771
                PubMed ID: 31159423
                SO-VID: dd6ca16b-65ec-4c00-b802-3c81cdddc1b5
                Copyright © © 2019 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 30 April 2019
                Date accepted : 23 May 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: polymer,foam,foaming process,blowing agent,foaming method
                Data availability:
                Keywords: polymer, foam, foaming process, blowing agent, foaming method

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