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      Green synthesis approach: extraction of chitosan from fungus mycelia.

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          Abstract

          Chitosan, copolymer of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine is mainly derived from chitin, which is present in cell walls of crustaceans and some other microorganisms, such as fungi. Chitosan is emerging as an important biopolymer having a broad range of applications in different fields. On a commercial scale, chitosan is mainly obtained from crustacean shells rather than from the fungal sources. The methods used for extraction of chitosan are laden with many disadvantages. Alternative options of producing chitosan from fungal biomass exist, in fact with superior physico-chemical properties. Researchers around the globe are attempting to commercialize chitosan production and extraction from fungal sources. Chitosan extracted from fungal sources has the potential to completely replace crustacean-derived chitosan. In this context, the present review discusses the potential of fungal biomass resulting from various biotechnological industries or grown on negative/low cost agricultural and industrial wastes and their by-products as an inexpensive source of chitosan. Biologically derived fungal chitosan offers promising advantages over the chitosan obtained from crustacean shells with respect to different physico-chemical attributes. The different aspects of fungal chitosan extraction methods and various parameters having an effect on the yield of chitosan are discussed in detail. This review also deals with essential attributes of chitosan for high value-added applications in different fields.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Crit. Rev. Biotechnol.
          Critical reviews in biotechnology
          1549-7801
          0738-8551
          Dec 2013
          : 33
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, Rue de la Couronne , Québec , Canada.
          Article
          10.3109/07388551.2012.717217
          23078670
          dd716c03-950c-4ca4-8611-85a2c48d3909
          History

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