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      Posteromedial Submeniscal Arthrotomy and Fixation with a Posteromedial Rim Plate in a Comminuted Medial Tibial Plateau Fracture

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          Abstract

          Medial tibial plateau fractures generally present as simple metaphyseal fractures; however, certain cases may present as comminuted articular fractures. Medial and posteromedial anatomical plates have traditionally been used for their management; nevertheless, not all cases can be successfully managed using these implants. We present a comminuted posteromedial Schatzker type VI tibial plateau fracture case. Direct visualization and subsequent fixation using a posteromedial rim plate were achieved through a posteromedial approach and submeniscal arthrotomy. The adequate joint reduction and the obtained stability allowed satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes. This variation of the classic posteromedial approach and the use of a posteromedial rim plate provide an alternative when facing comminuted medial tibial plateau fractures.

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          Most cited references26

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          Three-column fixation for complex tibial plateau fractures.

          1) To introduce a computed tomography-based "three-column fixation" concept; and 2) to evaluate clinical outcomes (by using a column-specific fixation technique) for complex tibial plateau fractures (Schatzker classification Types V and VI). Prospective cohort study. Level 1 trauma center. Twenty-nine cases of complex tibial plateau fractures were included. Based on routine x-ray and computed tomography images, all the fractures were classified as a "three-column fracture," which means at least one separate fragment was found in lateral, medial, and posterior columns in the proximal tibia (Schatzker classification Types V and VI). The patients were operated on in a "floating position" with a combined approach, an inverted L-shaped posterior approach combined with an anterior-lateral approach. All three columns of fractures were fixed. Operative time, blood loss, quality of reduction and alignment, fracture healing, complications, and functional outcomes based on Hospital for Special Surgery score and lower-extremity measure were recorded. All the cases were followed for average 27.3 months (range, 24-36 months). All the cases had satisfactory reduction except one case, which had a 4-mm stepoff at the anterior ridge of the tibial plateau postoperatively. No case of secondary articular depression was found. One case had secondary varus deformity, one case had secondary valgus deformity, and two cases of screw loosening occurred postoperatively. No revision surgery was performed. Two cases had culture-negative wound drainage. No infection was noted. The average radiographic bony union time and full weightbearing time were 13.1 weeks (range, 11-16 weeks) and 16.7 weeks (range, 12-24 weeks), respectively. The mean Short Form 36, Hospital for Special Surgery score, and lower-extremity measure at 24 months postoperatively were 89 (range, 80-98), 90 (range, 84-98), and 87 (range, 80-95), respectively. The average range of motion of the affected knee was 2.7° to 123.4° at 2 years after the operation. Three-column fixation is a new fixation concept in treating complex tibial plateau fractures, which is especially useful for multiplanar fractures involving the posterior column. The combination of posterior and anterior-lateral approaches is a safe and effective way to have direct reduction and satisfactory fixation for such difficult tibial plateau fractures.
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            Revisiting the Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures

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              Population-Based Epidemiology of Tibial Plateau Fractures.

              Although epidemiologic studies of tibial plateau fractures have been conducted, none have included geographically defined populations or a validated fracture classification based on computed tomography (CT). The goals of this study were to provide up-to-date information on the incidence and basic epidemiology of tibial plateau fractures in a large unselected patient population and to report the mechanisms of injury involved and the distribution of fractures according to a validated CT-based fracture classification. The authors conducted a population-based epidemiologic study of all patients treated for tibial plateau fracture over a 6-year period from 2005 to 2010. The study was based on an average background population of 576,364 citizens. A retrospective review of hospital records was performed. During this time, a total of 355 patients were treated for tibial plateau fracture. This group included 166 men and 189 women, and mean age was 52.6 years (SD, 18.3). The most common fracture type was AO type 41-B3, representing 35% of all tibial plateau fractures. The second most common fracture type was AO type 41-C3, representing 17% of all tibial plateau fractures. The incidence of tibial plateau fractures was 10.3 per 100,000 annually. Compared with women, men younger than 50 years had a higher incidence of fractures. The incidence of fractures increased markedly in women older than 50 years but decreased in men older than 50 years. In both sexes, the highest frequency was between the ages of 40 and 60 years.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Case Rep Orthop
                Case Rep Orthop
                CRIOR
                Case Reports in Orthopedics
                Hindawi
                2090-6749
                2090-6757
                2023
                18 May 2023
                : 2023
                : 3635067
                Affiliations
                1Hospital del Trabajador ACHS, Santiago, Chile
                2Hospital Militar de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
                3Hospital El Carmen, Santiago, Chile
                4Hospital Barros Luco Trudeau, Santiago, Chile
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Hiroshi Takahashi

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6608-5858
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9537-0658
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0074-9404
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9825-1331
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6133-2760
                Article
                10.1155/2023/3635067
                10212676
                dd9d14fc-d072-4f16-995f-b22410266e4e
                Copyright © 2023 Nicolás Franulic et al.

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 22 March 2022
                : 1 April 2023
                : 25 April 2023
                Categories
                Case Report

                Orthopedics
                Orthopedics

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