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      Preliminary Practice Recommendations for Telehealth Direct Applied Behavior Analysis Services with Children with Autism

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          Abstract

          This article provides preliminary practice recommendations for telehealth direct applied behavior analysis (ABA) services for children with autism. In the face of COVID-19, there is an immediate need for discussion on how to implement various ABA procedures via telehealth for ABA practitioners. Alongside emerging scientific evidence on the effectiveness of telehealth direct service as well as various service-related guidelines, we provide preliminary practice recommendations that are based on the existing literature on in-person and telehealth ABA procedures. We also discuss these recommendations with case studies of two boys with autism. Social validity measures indicated that families were satisfied with telehealth direct services. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic has resolved itself, telehealth direct ABA service will still be a valuable option for remote and international locations where direct ABA service is limited, and thus, practice recommendations continue to be relevant for all practitioners that use telehealth direct service.

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          Most cited references62

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          Social validity: the case for subjective measurement or how applied behavior analysis is finding its heart1

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            Barriers to Use of Telepsychiatry: Clinicians as Gatekeepers

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              Clinician acceptance is the key factor for sustainable telehealth services.

              Telehealth, the delivery of health care services at a distance using information and communications technology, has been slow to be adopted and difficult to sustain. Researchers developing theories concerning the introduction of complex change into health care usually take a multifactorial approach; we intentionally sought a single point of intervention that would have maximum impact on implementation. We conducted a qualitative interview study of 36 Australian telehealth services, sampled for maximum variation, and used grounded theory methods to develop a model from which we chose the most important factor affecting the success of telehealth. We propose that clinician acceptance explains much of the variation in the uptake, expansion, and sustainability of Australian telehealth services, and that clinician acceptance could, in most circumstances, overcome low demand, technology problems, workforce pressure, and lack of resourcing. We conclude that our model offers practical advice to those seeking to implement change with limited resources.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                sho.araiba@gmail.com
                colicmarija@outlook.com
                Journal
                J Behav Educ
                J Behav Educ
                Journal of Behavioral Education
                Springer US (New York )
                1053-0819
                1573-3513
                16 April 2022
                : 1-35
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Positive Behavior Support Corporation, 1645 Ala Wai Blvd., Honolulu, HI 96815 USA
                [2 ]GRID grid.410445.0, ISNI 0000 0001 2188 0957, Special Education Department, , University of Hawai’i at Manoa, ; Honolulu, HI USA
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5321-5986
                Article
                9473
                10.1007/s10864-022-09473-6
                9013273
                35464786
                dd9fa600-0e79-4483-8114-810fe6f7901c
                © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022

                This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

                History
                : 28 March 2022
                Categories
                Original Paper

                applied behavior analysis,autism,case study,covid-19 pandemic,practice recommendation,telehealth

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