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      Vesicles and red blood cells in flow: From individual dynamics to rheology

      , ,
      Comptes Rendus Physique
      Elsevier BV

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          Most cited references105

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          Configurations of fluid membranes and vesicles

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            A vesicle bioreactor as a step toward an artificial cell assembly.

            An Escherichia coli cell-free expression system is encapsulated in a phospholipid vesicle to build a cell-like bioreactor. Large unilamellar vesicles containing extracts are produced in an oil-extract emulsion. To form a bilayer the vesicles are transferred into a feeding solution that contains ribonucleotides and amino acids. Transcription-translation of plasmid genes is isolated in the vesicles. Whereas in bulk solution expression of enhanced GFP stops after 2 h, inside the vesicle permeability of the membrane to the feeding solution prolongs the expression for up to 5 h. To solve the energy and material limitations and increase the capacity of the reactor, the alpha-hemolysin pore protein from Staphylococcus aureus is expressed inside the vesicle to create a selective permeability for nutrients. The reactor can then sustain expression for up to 4 days with a protein production of 30 muM after 4 days. Oxygen diffusion and osmotic pressure are critical parameters to maintain expression and avoid vesicle burst.
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              The conformation of membranes.

              R Lipowsky (1991)
              Membranes composed of amphiphilic molecules are highly flexible surfaces that determine the architecture of biological systems and provide a basic structural element for complex fluids such as microemulsions. Physical theories have been developed to describe many aspects of their conformational behaviour, such as the preferred shapes and shape transformations of closed vesicles, and the shape fluctuations, random-surface configurations, and adhesion and unbinding of interacting membranes. Understanding of these phenomena has been much improved through fruitful interactions between theory and experiment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Comptes Rendus Physique
                Comptes Rendus Physique
                Elsevier BV
                16310705
                November 2009
                November 2009
                : 10
                : 8
                : 775-789
                Article
                10.1016/j.crhy.2009.10.001
                dda4380f-203e-424d-bee3-eb27d1f1b036
                © 2009

                http://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

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