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      WAIST-TO-HEIGHT RATIO INDEX OR THE PREDICTION OF OVERWEIGHT IN CHILDREN Translated title: ÍNDICE RELAÇÃO CINTURA-ESTATURA PARA PREDIÇÃO DO EXCESSO DE PESO EM CRIANÇAS

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          ABSTRACT

          Objective:

          To identify a low-cost abdominal adiposity index that has a higher accuracy in predicting excess weight in children aged four to seven years old.

          Methods:

          A cross-sectional study with a sample of 257 children aged 4 to 7 years old. Indicators of abdominal adiposity assessed were: waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and central fat percentage (measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry - DEXA). Overweight children were classified using body mass index by age (BMI/age). In the analysis, the prevalence ratio (PR) using Poisson regression with a robust variance was estimated, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was built, with a statistical significance of p<0.05.

          Results:

          The prevalence of overweight children was 24.9% and a higher median of all abdominal adiposity indicators was observed in the overweight group. Children with increased values of WC (PR=4.1; 95%CI 2.86-5.86), WHR (PR=5.76; 95%CI 4.14-8.02) and a central fat percentage (PR=2.48; 95%CI 1.65-3.73) had a higher prevalence of being overweight. Using the ROC curve analysis, the WHR index showed a higher area under the curve, when compared to the WC and to the central fat percentage estimated by DEXA for predicting the classification of being overweight.

          Conclusions:

          Given the results, WHR is suggested for the screening of overweight children.

          RESUMO

          Objetivo:

          Identificar um indicador de adiposidade abdominal de baixo custo e com maior acurácia para predizer o excesso de peso em crianças de quatro a sete anos idade.

          Métodos:

          Estudo transversal com amostra de 257 crianças de 4 a 7 anos. Os indicadores de adiposidade abdominal avaliados foram: perímetro da cintura (PC), relação cintura-estatura (RCE) e percentual de gordura central (avaliado pela técnica dual energy X-ray absorptiometry - DEXA). O excesso de peso foi classificado pelo índice de massa corporal por idade (IMC/I). Nas análises, estimou-se a razão de prevalência (RP) pela regressão de Poisson com variância robusta e utilizou-se a curva ( receiver operating characteristics ­- ROC), considerando como significância estatística p<0,05.

          Resultados:

          A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 24,9%, e observou-se maior mediana dos indicadores de adiposidade abdominal no grupo de crianças com excesso de peso. As crianças com valores aumentados de PC (RP=4,1; IC95% 2,86-5,86), RCE (RP=5,76; IC95% 4,14-8,02) e percentual de gordura central (RP=2,48; IC95% 1,65-3,73) apresentaram maior prevalência de excesso de peso. Verificou-se, na análise de curva ROC, que o índice RCE apresentou maior área sob a curva, comparado ao PC e ao percentual de gordura central estimada pelo DEXA, na predição do excesso de peso.

          Conclusões:

          Diante dos resultados, sugere-se a utilização da RCE para triagem de crianças com excesso de peso.

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          Most cited references33

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          Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

          Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the Third Report of the Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) using criteria easily applied by clinicians and researchers. There is no standard pediatric definition. We defined pediatric MetS using criteria analogous to ATP III as > or =3 of the following: (1) fasting triglycerides > or =1.1 mmol/L (100 mg/dL); (2) HDL or =6.1 mmol/L (110 mg/dL); (4) waist circumference >75th percentile for age and gender; and (5) systolic blood pressure >90th percentile for gender, age, and height. MetS prevalence in US adolescents was estimated with the Third National Health and Nutritional Survey 1988 to 1994. Among 1960 children aged > or =12 years who fasted > or =8 hours, two thirds had at least 1 metabolic abnormality, and nearly 1 in 10 had MetS. The racial/ethnic distribution was similar to adults: Mexican-Americans, followed by non-Hispanic whites, had a greater prevalence of MetS compared with non-Hispanic blacks (12.9%, [95% CI 10.4% to 15.4%]; 10.9%, [95% CI 8.4% to 13.4%]; and 2.5%, [95% CI 1.3% to 3.7%], respectively). Nearly one third (31.2% [95% CI 28.3% to 34.1%]) of overweight/obese adolescents had MetS. Our definition of pediatric MetS, designed to be closely analogous to ATP III, found MetS is common in adolescents and has a similar racial/ethnic distribution to adults in this representative national sample. Because childhood MetS likely tracks into adulthood, early identification may help target interventions to improve future cardiovascular health.
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            Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2008–2009: antropometria e estado nutricional de crianças, adolescentes e adultos no Brasil

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              Relation of circumferences and skinfold thicknesses to lipid and insulin concentrations in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study.

              Although body fat patterning has been related to adverse health outcomes in adults, its importance in children and adolescents is less certain. We examined the relation of circumference (waist and hip) and skinfold-thickness (subscapular and triceps) measurements to lipid and insulin concentrations among 2996 children and adolescents aged 5-17 y. This was a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted in 1992-1994. A central or abdominal distribution of body fat was related to adverse concentrations of triacylglycerol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and insulin; these associations were independent of race, sex, age, weight, and height. These associations were observed whether fat patterning was characterized by using 1) waist circumference alone (after adjustment for weight and height), 2) waist-to-hip ratio, or 3) principal components analysis. Compared with a child at the 10th percentile of waist circumference, a child at the 90th percentile was estimated to have, on average, higher concentrations of LDL cholesterol (0.17 mmol/L), triacylglycerol (0.11 mmol/L), and insulin (6 pmol/L) and lower concentrations of HDL cholesterol (-0.07 mmol/L). These differences, which were independent of weight and height, were significant at the 0.001 level and were consistent across race-sex groups. These findings emphasize the importance of obtaining information on body fat distribution, waist circumference in particular, in children. Waist circumference, which is relatively easy to measure, may help to identify children likely to have adverse concentrations of lipids and insulin.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Paul Pediatr
                Rev Paul Pediatr
                rpp
                Revista Paulista de Pediatria
                Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo
                0103-0582
                1984-0462
                17 November 2017
                Jan-Mar 2018
                : 36
                : 1
                : 52-58
                Affiliations
                [a ]Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil.
                Author notes
                [* ]Autor correspondente: E-mail: sarahvieiraufv@ 123456gmail.com (S.A. Vieira).

                Conflito de interesses: Os autores declaram não haver conflito de interesses.

                Article
                10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;1;00002
                5849367
                29166492
                ddb6a707-cbec-425d-9859-816c2613d4f2

                Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto sob uma licença Creative Commons

                History
                : 13 October 2016
                : 04 April 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 6, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 07
                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                child,overweight,obesity,abdominal obesity,roc curve,criança,sobrepeso,obesidade,obesidade abdominal,curva roc

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