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      ROBOTIC TRANS-ABDOMINAL PREPERITONEAL APPROACH (TAPP) APPROACH FOR LATERAL INCISIONAL HERNIAS Translated title: ABORDAGEM ROBÓTICA TRANSABDOMINAL PRÉ-PERITONEAL (RTAPP) PARA HÉRNIAS INCISIONAIS LATERAIS

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          ABSTRACT

          Background:

          Lateral incisional hernias arise between the linea alba and the posterior paraspinal muscles. Anatomical boundaries contain various topographic variations, such as multiple nearby bony structures and paucity of aponeurotic tissue that make it particularly challenging to repair.

          Aim:

          To describe a robotic assisted surgical technique for incisional lumbar hernia repair.

          Methods:

          Retrospective data was collected from four patients who underwent robotic-assisted repair of their lumbar hernias after open nephrectomies.

          Results:

          Age ranged from 41-53 y. Two patients had right sided flank hernias while the other two on the left. One patient had a recurrent hernia on the left side. The patients were placed in lateral decubitus position contralateral to the hernia defect side. A trans-abdominal preperitoneal approach was used in all cases. Each case was accomplished with two 8 mm robotic ports, a 12 mm periumbilical port, and a 5 mm assistance port that allowed docking on the ipsilateral hernia side. The hernias were identified, a preperitoneal plane was created, and the hernia sac completely dissected allowing for complete visualization of the defect. All defects were primarily closed. Polypropylene or ProGrip TM mesh was applied with at least 5 cm overlap and secured using either #0 Vicryl ® transfacial sutures, Evicel ® or a combination of both. The peritoneal space was closed with running suture and the ports were removed and closed. The average surgical length was 4 hr. The post-operative length of stay ranged from 0-2 days.

          Conclusion:

          The robotics platform may provide unique advantages in the repair of lateral incisional hernias and represents a safe, feasible and effective minimally invasive approach for the correction of lateral incisional hernias.

          RESUMO

          Racional:

          As hérnias incisionais laterais surgem entre a linha alba e os músculos paravertebrais posteriores. Os limites anatômicos contêm várias variações topográficas, como várias estruturas ósseas próximas e escassez de tecido aponeurótico que tornam o reparo particularmente difícil .

          Objetivo:

          Descrever uma técnica assistida por robótica para o reparo de hérnia lombar incisional.

          Métodos:

          Dados foram coletados retrospectivamente de quatro pacientes que foram submetidos ao reparo de hérnia lombar após nefrectomias abertas por técnica robótica. Os pacientes tinham entre 41-53 anos de idade. Dois possuíam hérnia no flanco direito e os outros dois no flanco esquerdo.

          Resultados:

          Os pacientes foram colocados em posição de decúbito lateral contralateral ao lado do defeito. Abordagem pré-peritoneal transabdominal foi realizada em todos os casos. Cada procedimento foi realizado com dois trocárteres robóticos de 8 mm, um periumbilical de 12 mm e um auxiliar de 5 mm, permitindo docking ipsilateral ao lado da hérnia. As hérnias foram identificadas, plano pré-peritoneal foi criado e o saco herniário completamente dissecado, permitindo completa visualização do defeito. Todos os defeitos foram fechados primariamente com fio de sutura 0/1V-Loc. Tela de polipropileno ou ProGrip TM foi usada com pelo menos 5 cm de overlap e fixada com sutura transfacial com Vicryl ® 0, Evicel ® ou combinação dos dois. O espaço pré-peritoneal foi fechado com sutura contínua e os trocárteres removidos. O tempo operatório médio foi de 4 h. O tempo de permanência hospitalar variou entre 0-2 dias.

          Conclusão:

          A plataforma robótica é capaz de providenciar vantagens únicas no reparo de hérnias incisionais laterais e representa abordagem minimamente invasiva segura, factível e eficaz para o reparo das hérnias laterais incisionais.

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          Most cited references19

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          Classification of primary and incisional abdominal wall hernias

          Purpose A classification for primary and incisional abdominal wall hernias is needed to allow comparison of publications and future studies on these hernias. It is important to know whether the populations described in different studies are comparable. Methods Several members of the EHS board and some invitees gathered for 2 days to discuss the development of an EHS classification for primary and incisional abdominal wall hernias. Results To distinguish primary and incisional abdominal wall hernias, a separate classification based on localisation and size as the major risk factors was proposed. Further data are needed to define the optimal size variable for classification of incisional hernias in order to distinguish subgroups with differences in outcome. Conclusions A classification for primary abdominal wall hernias and a division into subgroups for incisional abdominal wall hernias, concerning the localisation of the hernia, was formulated.
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            Controversies in the current management of lumbar hernias.

            Abdominal wall surgery has changed dramatically in recent years. The current management of lumbar hernias should reflect the development of modern imaging techniques and new forms of noninvasive treatment. To review and update knowledge on lumbar hernias. Literature review using MEDLINE with the key words "lumbar hernia" for the years 1950 through 2004. For an analysis prior to this date (1750-1950), we used cases reported by Thorek. Our own study of 28 patients was also included. All articles reporting clinical cases on lumbar hernia. Two reviewers analyzed the epidemiological, clinical, and treatment data of the articles. One hundred thirty-five clinical case articles and 8 studies with more than 5 patients, together with our personal experience of 28 cases, were analyzed. Nine percent of acquired lumbar hernia cases presented for emergency surgery, which means that a clinical diagnosis was completed with computed tomography in more than 90% of the cases. None of the published classifications has a therapeutic orientation. We present an original classification based on 6 categories and 4 types. In our study, there was a predominance of incisional hernias (79%), with no difference with regard to sex or location but with a predominance in the upper space (47%). Laparoscopic treatment accounts for 9% of the publications' cases and there is only 1 prospective comparative study. The use of a complete classification and tomography must be standard practice in the preoperative protocol of patients with lumbar hernia. The laparoscopic approach seems to be the best option for treating small or moderate defects; open surgery can be reserved for large defects and to salvage failures with the laparoscopic approach.
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              Transperitoneal preperitoneal laparoscopic lumbar incisional herniorrhaphy.

              Flank incisions may be associated with flank hernias, which may be complicated by incarceration and strangulation. Furthermore, they may be the cause of significant patient dissatisfaction with the surgical outcome. To avoid an open surgical procedure with its associated morbidity for hernia repair we describe a novel laparoscopic technique for repairing flank hernias with minimal morbidity and an excellent outcome. Three cases of flank hernia were managed by the transperitoneal preperitoneal laparoscopic approach using polypropylene mesh to repair the fascial defect. An initial transperitoneal approach helps to identify the limits of the hernia. A 2 to 3 cm. margin of overlying peritoneum is incised around the hernia margin. It is important not to dissect overlying bowel. The mesh is placed behind the peritoneal envelope and secured with hernia staples. All cases were managed successfully via laparoscopy. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. At a mean followup of 12 months cosmesis has been excellent and there have been no recurrences. We describe a minimally invasive, versatile technique for laparoscopic repair of flank incisional hernias with excellent functional and cosmetic results. This approach avoids the significant morbidity associated with open repair of incisional flank hernias.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Arq Bras Cir Dig
                Arq Bras Cir Dig
                abcd
                Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva : ABCD
                Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia Digestiva
                0102-6720
                2317-6326
                18 October 2021
                2021
                : 34
                : 2
                : e1599
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Surgery, The Bronx, New York, USA
                [2 ]Department of Surgery, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Diego Laurentino Lima E-mail: dilaurentino@ 123456gmail.com ; dilaurentino@ 123456gmail.com

                Conflict of interest:DL Lima, ATG Cabrera and X Pereira disclose no financial relationships with industry or conflicts of interest. Totti Cavazzola discloses consulting fees from Intuitive/Strattner, outside the submitted work. F Malcher discloses consulting fees from BD, Medtronic & Intuitive, outside the submitted work.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-2934
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-1284
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6247-7523
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-2789
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-9921
                Article
                00402
                10.1590/0102-672020210002e1599
                8521837
                34669888
                dddc4220-2472-424a-be63-8a284b8a37fa

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 01 September 2020
                : 25 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 10, Tables: 6, Equations: 0, References: 17
                Categories
                Original Article – Technique

                robotic surgical procedures,incisional hernia,procedimentos cirúrgicos robóticos,hérnia incisional

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