Análisis de la distribución espacial de los accidentes de transporte terrestre atendidos por el Servicio Móvil de Urgencia (SAMU-192), en un municipio de la región nordeste de Brasil

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Abstract

RESUMEN Se describen las características epidemiológicas de las víctimas de accidentes de transporte terrestre atendidas por el Servicio Móvil de Urgencia (SAMU-192) y se localizan las áreas de mayor densidad de accidentes en el municipio de Olinda (Pernambuco, Brasil). Se empleó la estimación de densidad kernel para la detección de aglomerados espaciales de accidentes. En 2015 se registraron 724 accidentes. El 73,48% de las personas afectadas fueron del sexo masculino, y de entre 20 y 39 años de edad. Hubo un predominio de los accidentes con motocicletas (54,97%). Los aglomerados de accidentes se localizaron en las principales vías de tránsito y, los atropellamientos, cercanos a las terminales de ómnibus. El análisis espacial se mostró como un instrumento relevante para la identificación de los aglomerados de accidentes y una aplicación eficaz de las medidas de prevención y la mejora en la seguridad del tránsito vehicular.

Translated abstract

ABSTRACT This study describes the epidemiological characteristics of road accident victims attended by the Brazilian Mobile Emergency Service (SAMU-192) and located in the areas of highest accident density in the municipality of Olinda, (Pernambuco, Brazil). Kernel density estimation was used to detect spatial agglomerations of accidents. In 2015, 724 accidents occurred; of these, 73.48% of the victims were males aged 20-39 years. There was a predominance of accidents involving motorcycles (54.97%). Accident clusters were detected in the main traffic corridors, with run-over accidents located near bus terminals. Spatial analysis proved to be a relevant instrument for the identification of accident clusters and the application of effective prevention and traffic safety improvement measures.

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Most cited references 43

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A review of spatial methods in epidemiology, 2000-2010.

Samson Y Gebreab, Amy Auchincloss, Ana V. Diez Roux … (2012)

Understanding the impact of place on health is a key element of epidemiologic investigation, and numerous tools are being employed for analysis of spatial health-related data. This review documents the huge growth in spatial epidemiology, summarizes the tools that have been employed, and provides in-depth discussion of several methods. Relevant research articles for 2000-2010 from seven epidemiology journals were included if the study utilized a spatial analysis method in primary analysis (n = 207). Results summarized frequency of spatial methods and substantive focus; graphs explored trends over time. The most common spatial methods were distance calculations, spatial aggregation, clustering, spatial smoothing and interpolation, and spatial regression. Proximity measures were predominant and were applied primarily to air quality and climate science and resource access studies. The review concludes by noting emerging areas that are likely to be important to future spatial analysis in public health.

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The cost of injury and trauma care in low- and middle-income countries: a review of economic evidence.

Hadley K H Wesson, Nonkululeko Boikhutso, Abdulgafoor M. Bachani … (2014)

Injuries are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, of which more than 90% occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the extent of this burden being confronted by LMICs, there is need to place injury prevention at the forefront of public health initiatives and to understand the costs associated with injury. The aim of this article is to describe the extent to which injury-related costing studies have been conducted in LMICs.

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Road traffic injury mortality and its mechanisms in India: nationally representative mortality survey of 1.1 million homes

Marvin Hsiao, Ajai Malhotra, J. Thakur … (2013)

Objectives To quantify and describe the mechanism of road traffic injury (RTI) deaths in India. Design We conducted a nationally representative mortality survey where at least two physicians coded each non-medical field staff's verbal autopsy reports. RTI mechanism data were extracted from the narrative section of these reports. Setting 1.1 million homes in India. Participants Over 122 000 deaths at all ages from 2001 to 2003. Primary and secondary outcome measures Age-specific and sex-specific mortality rates, place and timing of death, modes of transportation and injuries sustained. Results The 2299 RTI deaths in the survey correspond to an estimated 183 600 RTI deaths or about 2% of all deaths in 2005 nationally, of which 65% occurred in men between the ages 15 and 59 years. The age-adjusted mortality rate was greater in men than in women, in urban than in rural areas, and was notably higher than that estimated from the national police records. Pedestrians (68 000), motorcyclists (36 000) and other vulnerable road users (20 000) constituted 68% of RTI deaths (124 000) nationally. Among the study sample, the majority of all RTI deaths occurred at the scene of collision (1005/1733, 58%), within minutes of collision (883/1596, 55%), and/or involved a head injury (691/1124, 62%). Compared to non-pedestrian RTI deaths, about 55 000 (81%) of pedestrian deaths were associated with less education and living in poorer neighbourhoods. Conclusions In India, RTIs cause a substantial number of deaths, particularly among pedestrians and other vulnerable road users. Interventions to prevent collisions and reduce injuries might address over half of the RTI deaths. Improved prehospital transport and hospital trauma care might address just over a third of the RTI deaths.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Cristine Viera do Bonfim: Role: ND

Aline Galdino Soares da Silva: Role: ND

Weinar Maria de Araújo: Role: ND

Carmela Alencar: Role: ND

Betise Mery Alencar Furtado: Role: ND

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): sc

Title: Salud colectiva

Abbreviated Title: Salud colect.

Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Lanús (Lanús, Buenos Aires, Argentina )

ISSN (Print): 1669-2381

ISSN (Electronic): 1851-8265

Publication date (Print and electronic): March 2018

Volume: 14

Issue: 1

Pages: 65-75

Affiliations

[5] Recife Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade de Pernambuco Brazil betisemery@ 123456gmail.com

[1] Recife Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação en Saúde Coletiva Brazil cristine.bonfim@ 123456uol.com.br

[3] Recife Pernambuco orgnameUniversidade de Pernambuco Brazil weinar.araujo@ 123456hotmail.com

[2] Olinda Pernambuco orgnameSecretaria de Saúde Brazil alinegss@ 123456live.com

[4] Recife Pernambuco orgnameFundação de Ensino Superior de Olinda Brazil carmela.alencar@ 123456hotmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: S1851-82652018000100065

DOI: 10.18294/sc.2018.1211

SO-VID: dde00b61-217c-44d6-ba94-2f35fd0df150

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

History

Date accepted : 01 June 2017

Date received : 01 November 2016

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 55, Pages: 11

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SciELO Public Health

Keywords: Accidentes de Tránsito,Brazil,Spatial Analysis,Emergency Medical Services,Traffic, Accidents,Brasil,Análisis Espacial,Servicios Médicos de Urgencia

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Keywords: Accidentes de Tránsito, Brazil, Spatial Analysis, Emergency Medical Services, Traffic, Accidents, Brasil, Análisis Espacial, Servicios Médicos de Urgencia

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SciELO Public Health

Most cited references 43

A review of spatial methods in epidemiology, 2000-2010.

The cost of injury and trauma care in low- and middle-income countries: a review of economic evidence.

Road traffic injury mortality and its mechanisms in India: nationally representative mortality survey of 1.1 million homes

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