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      Recent progress in theoretical and computational studies on the utilization of lignocellulosic materials

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          Abstract

          The simulation studies provide an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of lignocellulose utilization viadissolution, catalytic conversion and pyrolysis.

          Abstract

          Lignocellulosic materials were conventionally treated as wastes for disposal, but have now become very important in modern life due to their great roles in the supply of renewable resources. Recently, significant attention has been paid to the dissolution of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and the production of chemicals and fuels from these feedstocks. It has been demonstrated that lignocellulose has great potential from a sustainable economy perspective and this field has been developing rapidly. Thus, it is critical to review the recent progress in studies on the utilization of lignocellulosic materials. In particular, this work was designed to highlight recent computation-based studies on the chemistry of lignocellulosic materials, from the structural and energetic properties of individual lignocellulose components to their reaction mechanisms in various systems. Importantly, this review summarizes some major simulation studies on the utilization of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin viadissolution, catalytic conversion, and pyrolysis by using density functional theory, first-principles calculation, molecular dynamics simulation, and conductor-like screening models. It has been shown that the theoretical and computational investigations play a key role in the understanding of the efficient utilization of lignocellulose.

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          Most cited references206

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          A consistent and accurate ab initio parametrization of density functional dispersion correction (DFT-D) for the 94 elements H-Pu.

          The method of dispersion correction as an add-on to standard Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT-D) has been refined regarding higher accuracy, broader range of applicability, and less empiricism. The main new ingredients are atom-pairwise specific dispersion coefficients and cutoff radii that are both computed from first principles. The coefficients for new eighth-order dispersion terms are computed using established recursion relations. System (geometry) dependent information is used for the first time in a DFT-D type approach by employing the new concept of fractional coordination numbers (CN). They are used to interpolate between dispersion coefficients of atoms in different chemical environments. The method only requires adjustment of two global parameters for each density functional, is asymptotically exact for a gas of weakly interacting neutral atoms, and easily allows the computation of atomic forces. Three-body nonadditivity terms are considered. The method has been assessed on standard benchmark sets for inter- and intramolecular noncovalent interactions with a particular emphasis on a consistent description of light and heavy element systems. The mean absolute deviations for the S22 benchmark set of noncovalent interactions for 11 standard density functionals decrease by 15%-40% compared to the previous (already accurate) DFT-D version. Spectacular improvements are found for a tripeptide-folding model and all tested metallic systems. The rectification of the long-range behavior and the use of more accurate C(6) coefficients also lead to a much better description of large (infinite) systems as shown for graphene sheets and the adsorption of benzene on an Ag(111) surface. For graphene it is found that the inclusion of three-body terms substantially (by about 10%) weakens the interlayer binding. We propose the revised DFT-D method as a general tool for the computation of the dispersion energy in molecules and solids of any kind with DFT and related (low-cost) electronic structure methods for large systems.
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            Semiempirical GGA-type density functional constructed with a long-range dispersion correction.

            A new density functional (DF) of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) type for general chemistry applications termed B97-D is proposed. It is based on Becke's power-series ansatz from 1997 and is explicitly parameterized by including damped atom-pairwise dispersion corrections of the form C(6) x R(-6). A general computational scheme for the parameters used in this correction has been established and parameters for elements up to xenon and a scaling factor for the dispersion part for several common density functionals (BLYP, PBE, TPSS, B3LYP) are reported. The new functional is tested in comparison with other GGAs and the B3LYP hybrid functional on standard thermochemical benchmark sets, for 40 noncovalently bound complexes, including large stacked aromatic molecules and group II element clusters, and for the computation of molecular geometries. Further cross-validation tests were performed for organometallic reactions and other difficult problems for standard functionals. In summary, it is found that B97-D belongs to one of the most accurate general purpose GGAs, reaching, for example for the G97/2 set of heat of formations, a mean absolute deviation of only 3.8 kcal mol(-1). The performance for noncovalently bound systems including many pure van der Waals complexes is exceptionally good, reaching on the average CCSD(T) accuracy. The basic strategy in the development to restrict the density functional description to shorter electron correlation lengths scales and to describe situations with medium to large interatomic distances by damped C(6) x R(-6) terms seems to be very successful, as demonstrated for some notoriously difficult reactions. As an example, for the isomerization of larger branched to linear alkanes, B97-D is the only DF available that yields the right sign for the energy difference. From a practical point of view, the new functional seems to be quite robust and it is thus suggested as an efficient and accurate quantum chemical method for large systems where dispersion forces are of general importance. Copyright 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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              Toward reliable density functional methods without adjustable parameters: The PBE0 model

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                GRCHFJ
                Green Chemistry
                Green Chem.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                1463-9262
                1463-9270
                January 2 2019
                2019
                : 21
                : 1
                : 9-35
                Affiliations
                [1 ]CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
                [2 ]State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems
                [3 ]Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process
                [4 ]Institute of Process Engineering
                [5 ]Chinese Academy of Sciences
                [6 ]Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
                [7 ]University of Wyoming
                [8 ]Laramie
                [9 ]USA
                [10 ]School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
                [11 ]State Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Engineering
                [12 ]South China University of Technology
                [13 ]Guangzhou 510640
                [14 ]China
                Article
                10.1039/C8GC02059K
                ddf1dd7c-eace-4044-929d-5901ef018ec8
                © 2019

                http://rsc.li/journals-terms-of-use

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